Rút gọn
a) A= \(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\) - \(\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)
b) B= 2\(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5-\sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}}}\)
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\(a,=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)=4\sqrt{2}\\ b,=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}=\sqrt{4}=2\)
a)\(=\left(\sqrt{10}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=\left(\sqrt{10}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)=3\sqrt{10}-5\sqrt{2}+9\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{10}=4\sqrt{2}\)
b) \(=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}=\sqrt{9-5}=\sqrt{4}=2\)
`a)A=(3-sqrt5)sqrt{3+sqrt5}+(3+sqrt5)sqrt{3-sqrt5}`
`=sqrt{3-sqrt5}sqrt{3+sqrt5}(sqrt{3+sqrt5}+sqrt{3-sqrt5})`
`=sqrt{9-5}(sqrt{3+sqrt5}+sqrt{3-sqrt5})`
`=2(sqrt{3+sqrt5}+sqrt{3-sqrt5})`
`=sqrt2(sqrt{6+2sqrt5}+sqrt{6-2sqrt5})`
`=sqrt2(sqrt{(sqrt5+1)^2}+sqrt{(sqrt5+1)^2})`
`=sqrt2(sqrt5+1+sqrt5-1)`
`=sqrt{2}.2sqrt5`
`=2sqrt{10}`
`b)B=(5+sqrt{21})(sqrt{14}-sqrt6)sqrt{5-sqrt{21}}`
`=sqrt{5+sqrt{21}}sqrt{5-sqrt{21}}sqrt{5+sqrt{21}}(sqrt{14}-sqrt6)`
`=sqrt{25-21}sqrt{5+sqrt{21}}(sqrt{14}-sqrt6)`
`=2sqrt{5+sqrt{21}}(sqrt{14}-sqrt6)`
`=2sqrt2sqrt{5+sqrt{21}}(sqrt{7}-sqrt3)`
`=2sqrt{10+2sqrt{21}}(sqrt{7}-sqrt3)`
`=2sqrt{(sqrt3+sqrt7)^2}(sqrt{7}-sqrt3)`
`=2(sqrt3+sqrt7)(sqrt{7}-sqrt3)`
`=2(7-3)`
`=8`
`c)C=sqrt{4+sqrt7}-sqrt{4-sqrt7}`
`=sqrt{(8+2sqrt7)/2}-sqrt{(8-2sqrt7)/2}`
`=sqrt{(sqrt7+1)^2/2}-sqrt{(sqrt7+1)^2/2}`
`=(sqrt7+1)/sqrt2-(sqrt7-1)/2`
`=2/sqrt2=sqrt2`
Bài 1:
a.
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}{(2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3})(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3})}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}{(2\sqrt{2})^2-(3\sqrt{3})^2}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}{-19}\)
b.
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}{(3-\sqrt{5})(3+\sqrt{5})}}=\sqrt{\frac{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}{3^2-5}}=\sqrt{\frac{(3-\sqrt{5})^2}{4}}=\sqrt{(\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2})^2}=|\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}|=\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Bài 2.
a.
\(=\frac{\sqrt{8}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})}{5-3}=\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3})=\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{6}\)
b.
\(=\sqrt{\frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}{(2-\sqrt{3})(2+\sqrt{3})}}=\sqrt{\frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}{2^2-3}}=\sqrt{(2-\sqrt{3})^2}=|2-\sqrt{3}|=2-\sqrt{3}\)
a) \(A=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{3}.1+1^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2+2.\sqrt{3}.1+1^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|-\left|\sqrt{3}+1\right|\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-1+-\sqrt{3}-1=-2\)
b) \(B=\sqrt{11-6\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3^2-2.3.\sqrt{2}+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}.1+1^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}=\left|3-\sqrt{2}\right|-\left|\sqrt{2}-1\right|\)
\(=3-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+1=4-2\sqrt{2}\)
c) \(C=\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{10}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{2}+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left|\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right|\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)=5-\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{6}\)
a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{20-2\cdot\sqrt{20}\cdot3+9}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{1}=1\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{20-2\cdot2\sqrt{5}\cdot3+9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{6+3}=3\)
c) Sửa đề: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-\sqrt{48}}}}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-\sqrt{48}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{12-2\cdot2\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{3}-1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3+\sqrt{3}}\)
d) Ta có: \(\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}+\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\left(6+2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)+\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1+\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\cdot2\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{8\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{10}\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{3}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{2}\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{-\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}-1}\)
\(=-2\sqrt{2}\)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}+1}-\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{2}-2-\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{5}}{2-\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\left(\dfrac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{3+\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)}{2-\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)}{\sqrt{5}+3}-2\right)\)
\(=\left(-\sqrt{5}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\)
\(=-\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)=-1\)
d) Ta có: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
\(=5-2\sqrt{6}+5+2\sqrt{6}\)
=10
`a)(5sqrt2-2sqrt5)/(sqrt5-sqrt2)+6/(2-sqrt{10})`
`=(sqrt{10}(sqrt5-sqrt2))/(sqrt5-sqrt2)+(6(2+sqrt{10}))/(4-10)`
`=sqrt{10}-(2+sqrt{10})`
`=-2`
`b)6/(sqrt5-1)+7/(1-sqrt3)-2/(sqrt3-sqrt5)`
`=(6(sqrt5+1))/(5-1)+(7(1+sqrt3))/(1-3)-(2(sqrt3+sqrt5))/(3-5)`
`=(6(sqrt5+1))/4-(7+7sqrt3)/2+sqrt3+sqrt5`
`=(3sqrt5+3)/2-(7+7sqrt3)/2+sqrt3+sqrt5`
`=(3sqrt5+3-7-7sqrt3+2sqrt3+2sqrt5)/2`
`=(5sqrt5-5sqrt3-4)/2`
`a)((sqrt(14)-sqrt7)/(1-sqrt2)+(sqrt{15}-sqrt5)/(1-sqrt3)):1/(sqrt7-sqrt5)`
`=((sqrt7(sqrt2-1))/(1-sqrt2)+(sqrt5(sqrt3-1))/(1-sqrt3)).(sqrt7-sqrt5)`
`=(-sqrt7-sqrt5)*(sqrt7-sqrt5)`
`=-(sqrt7+sqrt5)(sqrt7+sqrt5)`
`=-(7-5)=-2`
`b)sqrt2+1/sqrt{5+2sqrt6}+2/sqrt{8+2sqrt{15}}`
`=sqrt2+1/sqrt{3+2sqrt{3}.sqrt2+2}+2/sqrt{5+2sqrt{5}.sqrt3+3}`
`=sqrt2+1/sqrt{(sqrt3+sqrt2)^2}+2/sqrt{(sqrt5+sqrt3)^2}`
`=sqrt2+1/(sqrt3+sqrt2)+2/(sqrt5+sqrt3)`
`=sqrt2+((sqrt3+sqrt2)(sqrt3-sqrt2))/(sqrt3+sqrt2)+((sqrt5+sqrt3)(sqrt5-sqrt3))/(sqrt5+sqrt3)`
`=sqrt2+sqrt3-sqrt2+sqrt5-sqrt3=sqrt5`
a) Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{14}-\sqrt{7}}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\left(-\dfrac{\sqrt{7}\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}{1-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=-2\)
b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}\)