TRƯỜNG THCS PHÚ AN
TỔ TIẾNG ANH
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TIẾNG ANH 8 CUỐI HKII 2020-2021
UNIT 7: POLLUTION
A. Theory
I. Vocabulary
Write types of pollution in English( Viết các loại ô nhiễm vào ô tương ứng)
Ô đất | nhiễm | Ô nhiễm nước | Ô nhiễm không khí | Ô nhiễm tiếng ồn | Ô nhiễm ánh sáng | Ô nhiễm nhiệt | Ô nhiễm phóng xạ | Ô nhiễm tầm nhìn |
| | | | | | | | |
II. Grammar
1. Cause- effect
Cause- Nguyên nhân | Effect- Hậu quả |
_Because, _since____, ____As______+ S-V-O | ___So_________, S-V-O |
__Because of, Due to, owing to+ N/Ving | __Cause__, _lead to_, Result in__+N/ ST |
2. Conditional sentences: Write the form
TYPE 1: LOẠI 1 | TYPE 2: LOẠI 2 |
FORM: IF__S + V(S/ES) + 0__, S + WILL + V-bare____________ | IF_S+ V(2/ED) + 0_, __S + WOULD+ V-BARE_____ |
FORM:_ S + WILL + V-bare IF__S + V(S/ES) + 0 | S + WOULD +V-bare IF + S + V(2/ed) In if clause: he, she, it+ (be)__was__, _were To give advice: __________________________________ |
B. EXERCISES
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. measure B. leather C. clean D. feather
2. A. treatment B. earplug C. hearing D. fear
II. Find the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
3. A. medical B. national C. chemical D. informal
4. A. dramatic B. tornado C. historic D. injury
III. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).
1. ………….. loss can be caused by noise pollution.
A. sound B. hearing C. listening D. audio
2. Ships spill oil in oceans and rivers. This leads ………….. the death of many aquatic animals and plants.
A. to B. in C. from D. at
3. Households pollute water sources by ………….. waste into ponds, lakes, and rivers.
A. damaging B. dumping C. losing D. leading
4. This month’s electricity bill is too high ………….. the air conditioner is turned on all the time.
A. since B. due to C. although D. because of
5. The government has come ………….. a solution to the water problems of the city.
A. up to B. up with C. to with D. on to
6. All the aquatic plants and animals will die if the factory ………….. dumping poison into the lake.
A. will keep B. to keep C. kept D. keeps
7. A lot of fish has died recently because of the ………….. water in this lake.
A. contaminating B. contaminated C. contaminate D. contaminant
8. If the air was clean, we ………….. have to wear masks when going out.
A. wouldn’t B. won’t C. would D. will
9. If I ………….. you, I ………….. water from that dirty tap.
A. am - will drink B. am - won’t drink
C. were - would drink D. were - wouldn’t drink
10. If he ………….. trash around his garden, the garden would look very nice now.
A. will throw B. would throw C. didn’t throw D. doesn’t throw
IV. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 1.
1. If the air in a City________ (get) very polluted, it can make people’s eyes burn.
2. If we dump all sorts of Chemicals into rivers, we________ (not be) able to swim in them in the future.
3. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if people________ (keep) polluting the environment.
4. If we all use public transport more, we________ (help) reduce air pollution.
5. If we________ (not stop) over-fishing the oceans, many species________ (become) extinct. V. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 2.
1. If people________ (not be) so careless, Earth wouldn’t be in danger.
2. The amount of waste ________ (decrease) if people started to buy reusable packages.
3. Many fish wouldn’t die if factories________ (not dump) so many Chemicals into rivers and oceans.
4. If people stopped using cars completely, there________ (be) much less pollution.
READING
I. Read the passage and complete the sentences. True (T) or false (F).
Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into the waterways. These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulties in disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are quickly filling up. Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business people must work together in different ways to gradually reduce pollution. For example, most cities have introduced recycling programmes.
¨ 1. Motor vehicles and factories are among some sources of air pollution.
¨ 2. Air pollution doesn’t endanger people‟s health in some cities.
¨ 3. Air pollution is the only problem of the environment mentioned in this passage.
¨ 4. Garbage disposal is a problem in many large cities.
¨ 5. Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution.
¨ 6. We can reduce pollution by recycling programmes only.
II. Read the passage. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).
There are three main (1) …………… of pollution: air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Air, which is the most important element of our environment for our (2) ………………, can be polluted in many ways. Smoke in the air from mills, factories and industry (3) ……………… carbon, monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, which are all poisonous gases. This leads (4) ……………… health problems like asthma and lung diseases, and the thinning of the ozone layer, which (5) …………………… us from harmful UV ray. China, the USA, Russia, India, Mexico and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution (6) ……………………
1. A. types B. kinds C. models D. both A & B
2. A. survival B. survive C. surviving D. survived
3. A. includes B. include C. contains D. contain
4. A. in B. into C. to D. from
5. A. prevents B. protects C. avoids D. hides
6. A. emissions B. emitted C. emission D. emitting WRITING
I. Rewrite the following sentences based on the given words.
1. People don’t care much about environment, so they keep making it worse. CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
TYPE 2 (Dùng câu điều kiện loại 2 để viết lại câu)
→ If people _______________________________________________________________________
3. She suffered from a serious disease because of drinking contaminated water in a long time. SINCE (Sử dụng SINCE để viết lại câu)
→ _______________________________________________________________________________
3. The air is so dirty. I sneeze so much. CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 2( Sử dụng câu điều kiện
loại 2 để viết lại câu)
-> ___________________________________________________________________________
4. Their children have birth defects. The parents were exposed to radiation. BECAUSE(Dùng because để nối 2 câu thành một câu)
->_________________________________________________________________________________
5. The air pollution causes breathing problems. LEADS TO ( Sử dụng lead to để viết lại câu)
_____________________________________________________________________________________ Sample writing.
UNIT 8: ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES.
❶ PRONUNCIATION
Stress in words ending in -ese and -ee (Trọng âm của từ có kết thúc bằng đuôi -ese và -ee)
2. GRAMMAR
| SIMPLE PRESENT (THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN) | PRESENT CONTINUOUS (THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN) | |
CẤU TRÚC | | |
Khẳng định: Phủ định: Nghi vấn: | S + Vs/es + O S + do/does + not + V Do/Does + S + V? | S + is/am/are + V-ing S + is/am/are not + V-ing Is/Am/Are + S + V-ing? |
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: | Thường có các từ: always, every, usually, often, generally, frequently. | Thường có các từ: now, at the moment, at present, right now... |
| PRESENT PERFECT (THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH) | PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN) |
CẤU TRÚC | | |
Khẳng định: Phủ định: Nghi vấn: | S + have/ has + PII S + have/ has + not + PII Have/ has + S + PII? | S + have/ has + been + V-ing S + haven’t/ hasn’t + been + V-ing Have/ has + S + been + V-ing? |
Dấu hiệu nhận biết: | Thường có các từ: already, not... yet, just, ever, never sine, for, recently, before. | For + time |
I. How much do you know about English speaking countries? Choose the best answers.
1. Where is Disney World?
A. Texas B. California C. Florida D. Arizona
2. Which country is home to the kangaroo?
A. Canada B. New Zealand C. The USA D. Australia
3. Loch Ness, known for sightings of a monster called Nessie, is a large and deep lake in__________.
A. Wales B. North Ireland C. Scotland D. England
4. Wanaka is one of the most visited and favoured towns in__________ .
A. England B. Singapore C. New Zealand 5. Which is the largest English speaking country? | D. Canada |
A. Canada B. The UK C. The US 6. What is the name of the most famous clock in Britain? | D. Australia |
A. Big Clock B. Big John C. Big Apple | D. Big Ben |
7. Kangaroos and _________ are the iconic animals of Australia.
A. beaver B. koala C. eagle D. cheetah
8. The United Kingdom__________ of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. A. Consists B. is consisted C. has consisted D. consisted
9. English__________ around the world by children in school as a foreign language.
A. has learned B. is learning C. is learned D. learned
10. You’d better go to bed early tonight. The plane__________ at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning so we’ll have to be up by 4.30!
A. will leave B. leaves C. leave D. is leaving
11_________ that there are no wild snakes in Ireland?
A. Do you know B. Are you knowing C. Have you known D. Did you know
12. The Statue of Liberty, an American Symbol of freedom, __________ in France.
A. actually made B. was actually made C. has actually made D. makes actually
13. The Louvre Museum ………………. from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day except Tuesday and Wednesday.
A. opens B. open C. will open D. will be open
14. This annual festival ………………. at the end of the March.
A. will hold B. will be held C. holds D. is held
15. The Statue of Liberty in Upper New York Bay of America ……………. the freedom.
A. presents B. shows C. symbolizes D. reveals READING
I. Read the text and do the tasks below.
The Maori of New Zealand
The Maori arrived in New Zealand from other Polynesian islands over a thousand years ago. They were the first people to live there. They made beautiful wooden buildings with pictures cut into the wood. There are about 280,000 Maori today. Maori have brown skin, dark brown eyes, and wavy black hair.
In 1840, they agreed to become a British colony, and they learned European ways quickly. Today there are Maori in all kinds of jobs. They attend schools and universities and become lawyers and scientists. There are Maori in the government. Most of them live like the white New Zealanders.
However, the Maori do not forget their traditions. Children learn the language, music, and old stories. They have yearly competitions in speaking, dancing, and singing. The Maori live a comfortable, modern life, but they keep their traditions by passing them to their children.
Task 1: Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
. | T | F |
1. The Maori are Polynesians. | ¨ | ¨ |
2. New Zealand is an island country. | ¨ | ¨ |
3. The Maori look like the Chinese. | ¨ | ¨ |
4. The Maori live only by hunting and fishing. | ¨ | ¨ |
5. The Maori like music. | ¨ | ¨ |
Task 2: Read the passage again, and write short answers to the questions.
6. Where did the Maori come from?
7. How many Maori are there?
II.Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
London’s Tower Bridge
London‟s Tower Bridge is one of the most famous (1) in the world. The bridge, designed (2) 
(by) the architect Horace Jones together with John Wolfe Barry, was finally completed in 1894. It (3)11,000 tons of steel to build the framework of the 265-meter-long bridge. Over time, the bridge has become one of London‟s most famous (4) .
1.A. bridges | B. bridge C. tower | D. towers |
2. A. or | B. and C. as | D. but |
3. A. took | B. built C. brought | D. gave |
4. A. landscapes | B. views C. symbols UNIT 9 NATURAL DISASTER GRAMMAR | D. scenes |
A.PRONUNCIATION
-Trọng âm của những từ tận cùng bằng –logy và –graphy thường được đặt ở những âm tiết thứ ba kể từ âm tiết cuối.
• Hậu tố -logy: bi’ology, psy’chology
• Hậu tố -graphy: pho’tography, ge’ography
B. VOCABULARY
Write disater in English ( Viết các thảm họa thiên tại vào ô tương ứng)
1.động đất | 2. núi lửa phun trào | 3. thần | sóng | 4. lũ lụt | 5. hạn hán | 6.bão nhiệt đới | 7. Bùn lầy | 8. lốc xoáy |
| | | | | | | | |
PASSIVE FORM:
TENSE | ACTIVE- CHỦ ĐỘNG | PASSIVE- BỊ ĐỘNG |
Present Simple (hiện tại đơn) | S + V(s,es) + O Ex: People speak English all over the world. | S + is/am/are + V3/ED + (by O) Ex: English is spoken all over the world. |
Past Simple (quá khứ đơn) | S + V2/ED + O Ex: She wrote a letter yesterday | S + was/were + V3/ED + (by O) Ex:A letter was written (by her) yesterday |
Present Continuous (HT tiếp diễn) | S + is/am/are + V-ing + O Ex: The cat is tearing the new books. | S + is/am/are + being + V3/ED + (by O) Ex: The new book is being torn by the cat. |
Past Continuous(quá khứ tiếp diễn) | S + was/were + V-ing + O Ex:What was they writing on the desk? | S + was/were + being + V3 + (by O) Ex: what was being written (by them) on the desk? |
Present Perfect (hiện tại hoàn thành) | S + have/has + V3 + O Ex:My parents have given me a new bike on my birthday. | S + have/has + been + V3 + (by O) Ex: I have been given a new bike by my parents on my birthday. |
Near Future Tense (tương lai gần) | S + is/am/are + going to + V + O Ex:They are going to organise a garden party to raise money for the victims of the flood. | S + is/am/are+going to+be + V3 +(by O) Ex: A garden party is going to be organised to raise money for the victims of the flood. |
Simple Future (tương lai đơn) | S + will/shall + V + O Ex:She will do a lot of things tomorrow | S + will/shall + be + V3 + (by O) Ex: A lot of things will be done tomorrow |
Modal Verbs | S + MV + V + O Ex: Our English teacher may give an exam today. | S + MV + be + V3 + (by O) Ex: An exam may be given by our English teacher today. |
I. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. technology | B. disaster | C. available D. temporary |
2. A. accommodation | B. evacuation | C. oceanography D. environmentalist |
3. A. tsunami | B. evacuee | C. ecology D. volcanic |
4. A. volunteer | B. scientific | C. sociology D. property |
5. A. electronic | B. biology | C. photography D. astrology |
II. Choose the correct answers.
1. A drought happens when there_________ no rain in a place for a long time.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
2. A flood_________ when a large amount of water covers the land.
A. occurs B. is occurred C. is occurring D. has occurred
3. The size of earthquakes_________ on the Richter scale.
A. measures B. measured C. is measuring D. is measured
4. Hurricane Dorian_________ the Abaco Islands as a category 5 hurricane on September 1.
A. strike B. struck C. had struck D. was struck
5. At least 200 people_________ after rivers burst their banks in Colombia mudslides.
A. killed B. had killed C. were killed D. are being killed
6. Since Monday, more than a dozen tornadoes_________ down across Oklahoma.
A. touches B. touched C. have touched D. were touched
7. Hurricanes and heavy rains_________ with the help of technology.
A. predicted B. are predicting C. will predict D. can be predicted
8. A tornado watch is issued when there is a possibility that a tornado .
will touch B. is touched C. touched D. had touched
9. Before that day in Hawaii, we_________ a volcanic eruption.
A. never saw B. has never seen C. had never seen D. were never seen
10. A period of 3- 4 months without rain will cause a severe_________.
A. typhoon B. earthquake C. drought D. flood
III. Choose the best response for each sentence.
1. “I saw a roof flying in the storm yesterday afternoon.” -_________”
A. Exactly. B. That’s horrible! C. That’s a relief. D. So do I.
2. “The weather forecast says it’s going to rain tomorrow.” - “_________What a pity.”
A. Looks great! B. Not at all. C. Sounds good! D. Oh no!
3. “The whole village was submerged in the flood.” - “_________”
A. That’s surprising! B. My fault. C. Already. D. That’s awful!
4. “Have you heard the news? A powerful earthquake and following tsunami hit the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia.” - “_________”
A. How beautiful! B. Awesome! C. How terrible! D. No problem.
5. “Rescue workers saved a girl trapped in a collapsed school building.” - _________”
A. That’s great! B. Good luck. C. How convenient! D. Oh dear!
IV. Change these sentences into passive voice:( Chuyển sang câu bị động) 1. People speak English all over the world.
English _____________________________________________________________________ 2. They don’t use this house very often.
This house ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Nam will clean the floor tonight.
The floor ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.
The telephone ________________________________
5. Rescue teams have saved hundreds of people from floods in Metro Manila.
=> Hundred of people____________________________________________________________
UNIT 10: COMMUNICATION
A. VOCABULARY
I. Forms of communication.
Forms of communication | |
VERBAL | NON-VERBAL | MULTIMEDIA |
| | | |
II. Put these words or phrase into the correct forms of communication
Leaving a note | Sending flower | Using signs | Using music | Using body language | Using code | Painting a picture | F2f meeting |
Emailing | Snail mail | Having a ideo conference | Using social media | Video chatting | Using telepathy | Mobile phone | Using facebook |
VERBAL | NON-VERBAL | | MULTIMEDIA | |
| | \ | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
B. GRAMMAR
1. Future continuous
The future continuous tense: (tương lai tiếp diễn)
Ex:He will be working on the report at this time tomorrow.
Form: (+) S + will + be + V-ing… (-) S + will + not + be + V-ing… (?) Will + S + be + V-ing …?
Use:-Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai. *Note: Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai kèm theo thời điểm xác định: -at this time/ at this moment + thời gian trong tương lai: Vào thời điểm này …. - At + giờ cụ thể + thời gian trong tương lai: vào lúc …..
2. Stress in words ending in -ity and -itive-Chúng ta đặt dấu nhấn trước đuôi -ity và -itive.
3. Verbs+ to-infinitive (Sau động từ là to-V)
Gerunds(V+V-ing)- Sau động từ là V-ing | To- infinitive (V+to V)- Sau động từ là To-V |
Enjoy, fancy, adore, don’t mind, finish, give up(từ bỏ), go on(tiếp tục), avoid( tránh) | - choose, plan, decide - love, hate, prefer - try, want, need - promise, prefer, agree, intend |
C. EXERCISES-
I. Choose the word that has the different stress from the others.
1. A. Ability B. sensitive C. technology D. infinitive
2. A. Identical B. abortion C. prohibitive D. possibility
II. Complete the sentences with the future continuous ( Hoàn thành câu sử dụng thì tương lai tiếp diễn)
1. ……… he still (sleep)……...........…… this time tomorrow? - No he (study)……......………………..…. in the library.
2. She ‘s now in Ho Chi minh city but she (have)……………........……..…… a holiday in Da Nang at the end of this month.
3. They (eat)………………................… dinner at 8 p.m
4. …………...…. She (stay)…….....................................…. In her classroom during the break today? - Yes, she (write)……................................….an email to her friend.
5. Mona says the children (play) ……....................…….…… in the garden when you arrive.
6. This time next year Binh and Thuy (learn)…….............................……….....a new language.
7. They are staying at the hotel in London. At this time tomorrow, they (travel)................................................... in Vietnam.
8. When they (come)............................. tomorrow, we (swim).......................................................... in the sea. 9. My parents (visit)............................................................ Europe at this time next week
10. Daisy (sit)............................................... on the plane at 9 am tomorrow.
III. Underline the correct form.
1. Ella promises to share / sharing her blogs.
2. Johansen finished to speak / speaking and sat down.
3. CVTV agreed to integrate / integrating sign language into their daily news broadcast.
4. Do you want to learn / learning shorthand in 15 minutes?
5. George gave up to check / checking Facebook in school time.
6. After the break he went on to paint /painting the picture.
7. I don’t mind to study / studying, but it’s hard to get /getting started.
8. We plan to host / hosting a video conference but we do not have enough room.
9. I intended to leave / leaving a note on your desk.
10. When you go to a strange community, avoid to use / using too much eye contact. IV. Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences (Chọn đáp án đúng nhất) 1. In a message board you can _______________messages or post questions.
A. raise B. arrive C. text D. leave 2. You shrug your shoulders means “ ”.
A. I’m happy C. I’m angry
B. I don’t know D. Sorry. I need to go now.
3. Using music, codes or signs to communicate is called _________________communication.
A. verbal B. non-verbal C. public D. non-public
4. I experienced one communication________________ in Japan when I didn’t understand their body languages.
A. breakdown B. technique C. ability D. device
5. You should try looking for his telephone number on the company _____________as it may be there.
A. logo B. email C. website D, forum
6. John managed ____________his family in England by using Zalo
A. contact B. to contact C. contacting D. to contacting
7. They advised __________________ video chatting in the next meeting
A. use B. to use C, using D. will use
8. We _____________to have an Internet connection installed in our house next week
A. completed B. suggested C. admitted D. arranged
9. They ___________ about video conferences at this time next Monday.
A. will talk B. will be talking C. are talking D. are going to talk 10. We_____________ with each other by mobile phone in 2050.
A. won’t be communicating C. haven’t communicated
B. aren’t communicating D. aren’t going to communicate V. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks. SIGN LANGUAGE.
Because deaf people cannot hear, they have special ways of communicating. For example, they can learn to understand what someone is saying by looking at the mouth of the speaker. This is called lipreading. Also, speaking is very difficult for the deaf, because they cannot hear their own voices. However, it is possible with special training. According to many deaf people all around the world, the most practical and popular way of communicating is with sign language.
In many ways, sign language is similar to spoken language. The words of sign language are made with signs, which are formed with movements of the hands, face, and body. As with words, each sign has a different meaning and can be combined to form sentences. Sign languages also have their own grammar. The alphabet of sign language is special hand signs that stand for letters; they make spelling possible. The signs combine to form a rich language that can express the same thoughts, feelings, and ideas as any spoken language. And just as people from different countries speak different languages, most countries have their own variety of sign language.
A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. Deaf people have two main ways of communicating with others.
2. Deaf people often find lipreading difficult because they can’t speak.
3. Sign language is the most widely-used method of communication.
4. Deaf people use hand signs to spell letters of the alphabet.
5. Sign language has letters, but no words.
6. Thoughts, feelings, and ideas can be expressed through the combination of signs.
7. People in different countries use the same sign language.
VI. Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each question Telephones help people speak to one another when they are apart. For more than a hundred years, nearly every telephone was a landline. A landline telephone is one that needs to be connected by a wire to a network of other telephones. Because of the wires, people could not take those telephones with them when they left their homes or offices.
What if you had to make a call while you were away from home? You had to find a pay phone. Pay phones are landlines found in public places. Many pay phones are on the street. You can make a call from inside a glass or metal space called a phone booth. Once you are inside the booth, you put coins into a slot in the phone to make a call.
Telephones have seen a lot of progress. Today, many people...
Visual pollution is an aesthe issue and refers to the impacts of pollution that impair one's ability to enjoy a vista or view.
Visual pollution disturbs the visual areas of people by creating harmful changes in the natural environment. Billboards[1],[2] open storage of trash, antennas, electric wires, buildings, and automobiles are often considered visual pollution. An overcrowding of an area causes visual pollution. Visual pollution is defined as the whole of irregular formations, which are mostly found in nature.[3][4]
Effects of exposure to visual pollution include: distraction, eye fatigue, decreases in opinion diversity, and loss of identity.[