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a, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
b, \(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{47,4}{158}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
Theo PT: \(n_P=\dfrac{4}{5}n_{O_2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=0,12.31=3,72\left(g\right)\)
a) $2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
b) n KMnO4 = 15,8/158 = 0,1(mol)
Theo PTHH : n O2 = 1/2 n KMnO4 = 0,05(mol)
=> V O2 = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12(lít)
c)
$3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4$
Theo PTHH : n Fe = 3/2 nO2 = 0,075(mol)
=> m Fe = 0,075.56 = 4,2(gam)
a.b.\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{56}=0,12mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,12 0,08 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,08.22,4=1,792l\)
c.\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
4/75 0,08 ( mol )
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{4}{75}.122,5=6,533g\)
nFe = 6,72 : 56 = 0,12 (mol)
pthh : 3Fe + 2O2 -t--> Fe3O4
0,12 --> 0,08 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,08 . 22,4 = 1,792 (L)
pthh: 2KClO3 -t--> 2KCl + 3O2
0,053<------------------ 0,08 (mol)
=> mKClO3 = 0,053 . 122,5 = 6,53 (G)
1)
H2+CuO->Cu+H2O
0,2-----------0,2 mol
nH2=\(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}\)=0,2 mol
=>m Cu=0,2.64=12,8g
2)
2KClO3-to>2KCl+3O2
0,3----------------------0,45 mol
n KClO3=\(\dfrac{36,75}{122,5}\)=0,3 mol
=>VO2=0,45.22,4=10,08l
3Fe+2O2-to>Fe3O4
0,675--0,45 mol
=>m Fe=0,675.56=37,8g
Câu 3.
a.b.\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{24,5}{122,5}=0,2mol\)
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
0,2 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2g\)
Câu 4.
a.b.
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{12,25}{122,5}=0,1mol\)
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o,MnO_2\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
0,1 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
c.\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,15 < 0,15 ( mol )
0,15 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,05.232=11,6g\)
a, \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
b, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{2,32}{232}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(2mol\) \(1mol\)
\(0,02mol\) \(0,01mol\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,32}{232}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,02.22,4=0,048\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,2}{27}=\dfrac{17}{45}\left(mol\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{17}{60}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{60}.22,4\approx6,347\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{17}{90}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{17}{90}.102\approx19,267\left(g\right)\)
d, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=\dfrac{17}{30}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_3}=\dfrac{17}{30}.158\approx89,53\left(g\right)\)
a.b.\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
c.\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\)
0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=n_{Fe_3O_4}.M_{Fe_3O_4}=0,05.232=11,6g\)
a.b.\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{m_{KMnO_4}}{M_{KMnO_4}}=\dfrac{15,8}{158}=0,1mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
c.\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,05 0,025 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe_3O_4}=n_{Fe_3O_4}.M_{Fe_3O_4}=0,025.232=5,8g\)
a, \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
b, \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{19,6}{122,5}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3}=0,24\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,24.22,4=5,376\left(l\right)\)
c, \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2}=0,32\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,32.27=8,64\left(g\right)\)
a) \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
b) số mol của 19,6 g \(KClO_3\) là:
\(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{19,6}{122,5}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
thể tích của khí Oxi (đktc) là:
\(V_{O_2}=n.22,4=0,24.22,4=5,376\left(l\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
khối lương Al cần dùng để tác dụng hết Oxi:
\(m_{Al}=n.M=0,32.27=8,64\left(g\right)\)