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a,\(m_{HCl}=120.36,5\%=43,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{43,8}{36,5}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Mol: x 6x
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
Mol: y 6y
Ta có:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}102x+160y=26,2\\6x+6y=1,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.102.100\%}{26,2}=38,93\%;\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=100\%-38,93\%=61,07\%\)
câu c tương tự câu a
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn Hidro: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{muối}=m_{KL}+m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}-m_{H_2}=24,7\left(g\right)\)
Câu 1:
\(n_{HCl}=0,05.2=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:\\ Mg(OH)_2+2HCl\to MgCl_2+2H_2O\\ Cu(OH)_2+2HCl\to CuCl_2+2H_2O\\ NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=n_{Cl^-}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{OH^-}=0,1.17=1,7(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KL}=m_{\text{muối }Cl^-}-m_{Cl^-}=6,025-0,1.35,5=2,475(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{hh}=m_{KL}+m_{OH^-}=2,475+1,7=4,175(g)\)
Câu 2:
Đề là 13,44 lít đk?
\(PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,6.56=33,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=50-33,6=16,4(g)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{14,6\%}=150\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{150+16}\cdot100\%\approx19,58\%\)
b) PTHH: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KOH}=n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg và Fe
\(PTHH:\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=0,14\cdot1=0,14\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2x+2y=0,14;m_{hh}=24x+56y=1,69\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,0696875\\y=0,0003125\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=24x=1,6725\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56y=0,0157\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(x\) \(2x\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(y\) \(2y\)
b)\(n_{HCl}=0,14\cdot1=0,14mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=1,69\\2x+2y=0,14\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,07\\y=3,125\cdot10^{-4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,07\cdot24=1,68\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=3,125\cdot10^{-4}\cdot56=0,0175\left(g\right)\)
Mol fe2o3=16/160=0,1 (mol)
Fe2O3 + 6HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2
0,1------------------> 0,2
m muối= 0,3.162,5=48,75 (g)
b,
mol NaOH= 0,2.1=0,2(mol)
mmol naoh=mol nacl
m nacl= 0,2.58,5=11,7 (g)