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a)
*\(1+2+3+...+\left(n-1\right)+n\)
Số số hạng là:
\(\left(n-1\right):1+1=n-1+1=n\)(số hạng)
Tổng của dãy số là:
\(\left(n+1\right)\cdot\dfrac{n}{2}=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
*\(1+3+5+...+\left(2n-1\right)\)
Số số hạng của dãy số là:
\(\left(2n-1-1\right):2+1=\dfrac{\left(2n-2\right)}{2}+1=n-1+1=n\)(số hạng)
Tổng của dãy số là:
\(\left(2n-1+1\right)\cdot\dfrac{n}{2}=\dfrac{2n^2}{2}=2n\)
a, 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n = \(\left[\frac{n-1}{1}+1\right]\left[n+1\right]\)
1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + ... + [2n-1] = \(\left[\frac{2n-1-1}{2}+1\right]\left[2n-1+1\right]\)
b, A = 1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n[n+1]
=> 3A = 1.2.3 + 2.3.3 + 3.4.3 + ... + n[n+1].3
Mà: 1.2.3 = 1.2.3 - 0.1.2
2.3.3 = 2.3.4 - 1.2.3
.......................................
n[n+1].3 = n[n+1][n+2] - [n-1]n[n+1]
=> 3A = [n-1]n[n+1]
=> A = \(\frac{\left[n-1\right]n\left[n+1\right]}{3}\)
1.2.3.+2.3.4+...+n[n+1][n+2]
4A = 1.2.3.[4-0] + 2.3.4.[5-1] + .... + n[n+1][n+2].[[n+3] - [n-1]]
4A = 1.2.3.4 - 0.1.2.3 + 2.3.4.5 - 1.2.3.4 +...+ n[n+1][n+2][n+3] - n[n+1][n+2][n-1]
4A = 1.2.3.4 - 1.2.3.4 + 2.3.4. 5 - 2.3.4.5 + ... + n[n+1][n+2][n+3] - n[n+1][n+2][n+3] + n[n+1][n+2][n-1]
4A = n[n+1][n+2][n-1]
A = \(\frac{\text{n[n+1][n+2][n-1]}}{4}\)
a) A =(2n-1+1).(2n-1)/2=2n.(2n-1)/2=n(2n-1)
b) B= 1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n(n+1)
3B=1.2.3+2.3.(4-1)+3.4.(5-2)+...+n(n+1)[(n+2)-(n-1)]
3B=1.2.3-1.2.3+2.3.4-2.3.4+...+n(n+1)(n+2)-(n-1)n(n+1)
3B=n(n+1)(n+2)
B=n(n+1)(n+2)/3
4C=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.(5-1)+3.4.5(6-2)+...+n(n+1)(n+2).[(n+3)-(n-1)]
4C=1.2.3.4-1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-2.3.4.5+...+n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)-(n-1)n(n+1)(n+2)
4C=n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)
C=n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)/4
3F= 1.2.(3-0)+ 2.3.(4-1)+...+ n.(n+1).[(n+2)-(n-1)]
=[1.2.3+ 2.3.4+...+ (n-1)n(n+1)+ n(n+1)(n+2)]- [0.1.2+ 1.2.3+...+(n-1)n(n+1)]
=n(n+1)(n+2)
=>F
H=1.2.3+2.3.4+3.4.5+...+n(n+1)(n+2)
=> 4H=1.2.3(4-0)+2.3.4(5-1)+...+n(n+1)(n+2)((n+3)-(n-1))
=1.2.3.4-0.1.2.3+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+...+n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)-(n-1).n(n+1)(n+2)
=n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)
Bài 1:
\(A=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n.\left(n+1\right)\)
\(3A=1.2.3+2.3.3+3.4.3+...+n.\left(n+1\right).3\)
\(=1.2\left(3-0\right)+2.3\left(4-1\right)+...+n.\left(n+1\right).\left[\left(n+2\right)-\left(n-1\right)\right]\)
=[1.2.3+ 2.3.4 + ...+ (n-1).n.(n+1)+ n.(n+1)(n+2)] - [0.1.2+ 1.2.3 +...+(n-1).n.(n+1)]
\(=n.\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left[n.\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right)\right]}{3}\)
3A=1.2.3 + 2.3.3 + 3.4.3 +... + n.(n+1).3
=1.2.(3-0) + 2.3.(4-1) + ... + n.(n+1).[(n+2)-(n-1)]
=[1.2.3+ 2.3.4 + ...+ (n-1).n.(n+1)+ n.(n+1)(n+2)] - [0.1.2+ 1.2.3 +...+(n-1).n.(n+1)]
=n.(n+1).(n+2)
=>A=[n.(n+1).(n+2)] /3
\(A=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2008}-\frac{1}{2009}=\frac{1}{1}+\left(-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\right)+...+\left(-\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2008}\right)-\frac{1}{2009}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2009}=\frac{2008}{2009}\)
\(2.B=\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{2}{2008.2009.2010}\)
\(2.B=\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2008.2009}-\frac{1}{2009.2010}\right)\)
\(2.B=\frac{1}{1.2}+\left(-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}\right)+...+\left(-\frac{1}{2008.2009}+\frac{1}{2008.2009}\right)-\frac{1}{2009.2010}\)
\(2.B=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2009.2010}=\frac{2009.2010-1.2}{2009.2010}\)
=> \(B=\frac{2009.1005-1}{2009.2010}\)
Vậy \(\frac{B}{A}=\frac{2009.1005-1}{2009.2010}:\frac{2008}{2009}=\frac{2009.1005-1}{2008.2010}=...\)