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Bài 2:
10^n có tổng các chữ số là 1
5^3 có tổng các chữ số là 8
=>10^n+5^3 có tổng các chữ số là 9
=>10^n+5^3 chia hết cho 9
\(f\)) \(32^{-x}.16^x=1024\)
\(\left(2\right)^{-5x}.2^{4x}=2^{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^{4x-5x}=2^{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^{-x}=2^{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-10\)
\(g\)) \(3^{x-1}.5+3^{x-1}=162\)
\(3^{x-1}.\left(5+1\right)=162\)
\(3^{x-1}.6=162\)
\(3^{x-1}=162:6\)
\(3^{x-1}=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3^{x-1}=3^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
\(h\)) \(\left(2x-1\right)^6=\left(2x-1\right)^8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^6-\left(2x-1\right)^8=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^6-\left(2x-1\right)^6.\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^6.\left[1-\left(2x-1\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(2x-1\right)^6=0\\1-\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x-1=0\\\left(2x-1\right)^2=1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x=1\\\left(2x-1\right)^2=\left(1,-1\right)^2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\2x-1=-1\\2x-1=1\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\2x=0\\2x=2\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\\x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(i\)) \(5^x+5^{x+2}=650\)
\(5^x.\left(1+5^2\right)=650\)
\(5^x.26=650\)
\(5^x=650:26\)
\(5^x=25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5^x=5^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
2/ Ta có : 4x - 3 \(⋮\) x - 2
<=> 4x - 8 + 5 \(⋮\) x - 2
<=> 4(x - 2) + 5 \(⋮\) x - 2
<=> 5 \(⋮\)x - 2
=> x - 2 thuộc Ư(5) = {-5;-1;1;5}
Ta có bảng :
x - 2 | -5 | -1 | 1 | 5 |
x | -3 | 1 | 3 | 7 |
Bài 3:
a,Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{32}-\frac{1}{64}\)
A = \(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
2A = \(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\)
2A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2^4}-\frac{1}{2^5}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}-\frac{1}{2^4}+\frac{1}{2^5}-\frac{1}{2^6}\right)\)
3A = \(1-\frac{1}{2^6}\)
=> 3A < 1
=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}\)(đpcm)
b, Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
3A = \(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
3A + A = \(\left(1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
4A = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
=> 4A < \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\) (1)
Đặt B = \(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
3B = \(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
3B + B = \(\left(3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{97}}-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
4B = \(3-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
=> 4B < 3
=> B < \(\frac{3}{4}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra 4A < B < \(\frac{3}{4}\)=> A < \(\frac{3}{16}\)(đpcm)
Bài 5 :
Ta có : \(x+3⋮x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2+1⋮x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1⋮x+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2\inƯ\left(1\right)=\left\{\pm1\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{-3;-1\right\}\)
Vậy ...
Bài 6 :
Ta có : \(2x+7⋮x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)+5⋮x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;-2;-6;4\right\}\)
Vậy ...
(2x - 5) - (x - 6) = 3y
=> 2x - 5 - x + 6 = 3y
=> x + 1 = 3y
..Bạn xem lại đề nhé vì có vô số cặp (x;y) thỏa ==''
Vd: x = 0 thì y = 0; x = 2 thì y = 1; x = 8 thì y = 2; x = 26 thì y = 3...
=> 2x-5-x+6=3y
=> 2x-x-5+6=3y
=> x+1=3y
=> x+1 chia hết cho 3 => 3 thuộc Ư(x+1)
=> x+1 là B(3) => B(3)={3;6;9;12;-3;-6;-9;-12;15;-15;...............}
Mà x+1=3y => x+1 vừa chia hết cho 3 vừa phải = 3y
=> x+1={0;3;-3;9;-9;..}
Vô hạn pạn ạ!