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\(y=\dfrac{x}{2}+\dfrac{18}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{18x}{2x}}=6\)
\(y_{min}=6\) khi \(x=6\)
a/ \(\frac{x}{2}+\frac{18}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{18}{x}}=...\)
b/ \(\frac{x}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}=\frac{x-1}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}+\frac{1}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x-1}{2}.\frac{2}{x-1}}+\frac{1}{2}=...\)
c/ \(\frac{3x}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}.\frac{1}{x+1}}-\frac{3}{2}=...\)
d/ \(\frac{x}{3}+\frac{5}{2x-1}=\frac{2x-1}{6}+\frac{5}{2x-1}+\frac{1}{6}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2x-1}{6}.\frac{5}{2x-1}}+\frac{1}{6}=...\)
e/ \(\frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5}{x}=\frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5-5x+5x}{x}=\frac{x}{1-x}+\frac{5\left(1-x\right)}{x}+5\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{1-x}.\frac{5\left(1-x\right)}{x}}+5=...\)
f/ \(\frac{x^3+1}{x^2}=x+\frac{1}{x^2}=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{1}{x^2}}=...\)
g/ \(\frac{x^2+4x+4}{x}=x+\frac{4}{x}+4\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{4}{x}}+4=...\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{x+y}{2}\\\sqrt{yz}\le\frac{y+z}{2}\\\sqrt{xz}\le\frac{x+z}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\le\frac{x+y}{2}+\frac{y+z}{2}+\frac{x+z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\le\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\le x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{x+y+z}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có : \(A=\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số :
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{x+y+z}{2}\le\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\)
Vậy GTNN của \(A=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Ta có: \(1=\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\le\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}\right)^2\)
=> \(x+y+z\ge1\)
Có: \(A\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z =1/3
Vậy min A = 1/2 <=> x = y = z = 1/3
Mình áp dụng luôn Cô - si cho các số ta được
a) \(\frac{x}{2}+\frac{18}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{2}\cdot\frac{18}{x}}=2.\sqrt{9}=2.3=6\)
b) \(y=\frac{x}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}=\frac{x-1}{2}+\frac{2}{x-1}+\frac{1}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x-1}{2}\cdot\frac{2}{x-1}}+\frac{1}{2}=2+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
c) \(\frac{3x}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}+\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3\left(x+1\right)}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{x+1}}-\frac{3}{2}=2\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
h) \(x^2+\frac{2}{x^2}\ge2\sqrt{x^2\cdot\frac{2}{x^2}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
g) \(\frac{x^2+4x+4}{x}=\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{x}\ge0\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{9}{k}.Dau"="xayrakhi:x=y=z=\frac{k}{3}\)
cho a,b,c>0 thỏa x2+y2+z2=1.tìm gtnn của P=\(\frac{x}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y}{z^2+x^2}+\frac{z}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(P=\frac{x}{1-x^2}+\frac{y}{1-y^2}+\frac{z}{1-z^2}\)
Ta có đánh giá: \(\frac{x}{1-x^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}x^2\) \(\forall x\in\left(0;1\right)\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(2x\ge3\sqrt{3}x^2-3\sqrt{3}x^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}x-1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{3}x+2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y}{1-y^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}y^2\) ; \(\frac{z}{1-z^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}z^2\)
Cộng vế với vế: \(P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Xét bất đẳng thức : \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Áp dụng ta có :
\(2\left(y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\ge y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{y+z}\ge\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{y^2}{x+z}\ge\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+z^2\right)}};\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 bđt ta được :
\(A\ge\Sigma\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\\b=\sqrt{y^2+z^2}\\c=\sqrt{z^2+x^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó :
+) \(a+b+c=2017\)
+) \(a^2+b^2-c^2=x^2+y^2+y^2+z^2-z^2-x^2=2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2}=y^2\)
\(\)+) \(\sqrt{2\left(z^2+x^2\right)}=\sqrt{2}c\)
Do đó ta có \(A\ge\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2\sqrt{2c}}+\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2\sqrt{2}a}+\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2\sqrt{2}b}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{c}+\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{a}+\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\Sigma\left(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2c}-c\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\Sigma\left(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2c}+2c-3c\right)\right]\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\Sigma\left(2\left(a+b\right)-3c\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\cdot2017=\frac{2017}{2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{2017\sqrt{2}}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=...\)