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\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
Q = x 2 + 2 y 2 + 2 x y − 2 x − 6 y + 2015 = x 2 + 2 x y + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x 2 + 2 x y + y 2 − 2 x + 2 y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x + y 2 − 2 x + y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x + y − 1 2 + y − 2 2 + 2010
biet tong cua so thu nhat va so thu hai bang 5,8.Tong cua so thu hai va so thu ba bang 6,7.Tong so thu nhat va so thu ba bang 7,5.Tim moi so do?
b: Tham khảo:
a: \(P=x^2-5x+\dfrac{25}{4}-\dfrac{25}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{25}{4}\ge-\dfrac{25}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=5/2
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài làm:
a) \(P=x^2-5x=\left(x^2-5x+\frac{25}{4}\right)-\frac{25}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\frac{25}{4}\le-\frac{25}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=\frac{5}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_P=-\frac{25}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
a) P = x2 - 5x
= ( x2 - 5x + 25/4 ) - 25/4
= ( x - 5/2 )2 - 25/4
( x - 5/2 )2 ≥ 0 ∀ x => ( x - 5/2 )2 - 25/4 ≥ -25/4
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 5/2 = 0 => x = 5/2
=> MinF = -25/4 <=> x = 5/2
b) Q = x2 + 2y2 + 2xy - 2x - 6y + 2015
= ( x2 + 2xy + y2 - 2x - 2y + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4y + 4 ) + 2010
= [ ( x + y )2 - 2( x + y ) + 12 ] + ( y - 2 )2 + 2010
= ( x + y - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 2010
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-1=0\\y=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
=> MinQ = 2010 <=> x = -1 , y = 2
\(A=x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(y+1\right)^2+2y^2-4y+2028\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2-y^2-2x-1+2y^2-4y+2028\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2-6x+y^2+2027\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+2018\ge2018\forall x;y\) (do...)
=> MinA = 2018 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có A = (3x + 2)2 + (x2 + y2 - 2xy) - (2x - 2y) + 2015
= (3x + 2)2 + (x - y)2 - 2(x - y) + 1 + 2014
= (3x + 2)2 + (x - y - 1)2 + 2014 \(\ge\)2014
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x+2=0\\x-y-1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\y=x-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{3}\\y=-\frac{5}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min A = 2015 <=> x = -2/3 ; y = -5/3
\(A=\left(3x+2\right)^2+x^2+y^2-2xy-2x+2y+2015\)
\(=\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)+1+2014\)
\(=\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+2014\)
\(=\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2014\)
Vì \(\left(3x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\); \(\left(x-y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x+2\right)^2+\left(x-y-1\right)^2+2014\ge2014\forall x,y\)
hay \(A\ge2014\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+2=0\\x-y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x=-2\\y=x-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-2}{3}\\y=\frac{-5}{3}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(minA=2014\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{2}{3}\)và \(y=-\frac{5}{3}\)