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Xét biểu thức phụ : \(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+k\left(\sqrt{k+1}\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k}+\sqrt{k+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(k+1-k\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Áp dụng : \(\frac{1}{2.\sqrt{1}+1.\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1}{5\sqrt{4}+4\sqrt{5}}+...+\frac{1}{2012\sqrt{2011}+2011\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)
đẶT \(A=\sqrt{\frac{3\sqrt{3}-4}{2\sqrt{3}+1}}-\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{3}+4}{5-2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(3\sqrt{3}-4\right)\left(2\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{11}}-\sqrt{\frac{\left(\sqrt{3}+4\right)\left(5+2\sqrt{3}\right)}{13}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{18-3\sqrt{3}-8\sqrt{3}+4}{11}}-\sqrt{\frac{5\sqrt{3}+6+20+8\sqrt{3}}{13}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{11\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)}{11}}-\sqrt{\frac{13\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}{13}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)
ta có: \(2-\sqrt{3}< 2+\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}< \sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< 0\Rightarrow-A>0\)
\(\Rightarrow-A=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\)
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\right)^2\)
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\right)^2-2\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}+\left(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\right)^2\)
\(A^2=\left|2+\sqrt{3}\right|-2\sqrt{4-3}+\left|2-\sqrt{3}\right|\)
\(A^2=2+\sqrt{3}-2+2-\sqrt{3}\)
\(A^2=2\)
\(A=\pm\sqrt{2}\)
mà -A > 0 nên A = \(-\sqrt{2}\)
~~ Học tốt ~~
Ở dòng:
\(A=\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\) còn có thêm cách phân tích
\(\sqrt{2}.A=\sqrt{4-2.\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{4+2.\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{3}-1=-2\)
=> \(A=-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}=-\sqrt{2}\)
\(C=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}-\sqrt{4+4\sqrt{3}+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|-\left|2+\sqrt{3}\right|\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=\sqrt{3}-1-2-\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow C=-3\)
\(b,\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}+\frac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4+4\sqrt{3}+3+4-4\sqrt{3}+3}{4-3}\)
\(=14\)
\(a,\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{16}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+4+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}.2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(=1+\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(=1+\sqrt{2}\)
