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Ta có : \(2M=2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
nên \(2M-M=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}
\(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1^2}{2^2}+\frac{1^3}{2^3}+........+\frac{1^{99}}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
=>B=\(1-\frac{1}{2^{98}}\Rightarrow B
\(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(2B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
\(2B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
1. A = 75(42004 + 42003 +...+ 42 + 4 + 1) + 25
A = 25 . [3 . (42004 + 42003 +...+ 42 + 4 + 1) + 1]
A = 25 . (3 . 42004 + 3 . 42003 +...+ 3 . 42 + 3 . 4 + 3 + 1)
A = 25 . (3 . 42004 + 3 . 42003 +...+ 3 . 42 + 3 . 4 + 4)
A = 25 . 4 . (3 . 42003 + 3 . 42002 +...+ 3 . 4 + 3 + 1)
A =100 . (3 . 42003 + 3 . 42002 +...+ 3 . 4 + 3 + 1) \(⋮\) 100
B = \(\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
B = \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
2B = \(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
2B - B = \(1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
=> B = \(1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}
\(\frac{m}{p}=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+........+\frac{1}{p-1}\)
\(\frac{m}{p}=\left(1+\frac{1}{p-1}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{p-2}\right)+....+\left(1+\frac{1}{\left(p-1\right):2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{1}{\left(p-2\right):2}\right)\)
\(\frac{m}{n}=p\left(\frac{1}{1.\left(p-1\right)}+\frac{1}{2.\left(p-2\right)}+........+\frac{1}{\left[\left(p-1\right):2\right].\left[\left(p-1\right):2+1\right]}\right)\)
MC:1.2.3....(p-1)
Gọi các thừa số phụ lần lượt là \(k_1;k_2;k_3;.....;k_{p-1}\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{m}{n}=\frac{p.\left(k_1+k_2+k_3+....+k_{\left(p-1\right)}\right)}{1.2.3....\left(p-1\right)}\)
Do p là nguyên tố lớn hơn 2 mà mẫu không chứa thừa số p nên đến khi rút gọn tử số vẫn chứa thừa số nguyên tố p
\(\Rightarrow\)m chia hết cho p (đpcm)
\(M=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{49}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)
\(5M=1+\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{48}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{49}\)
5M - M = \(1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)hay 4M = \(1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)< 1
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}}{4}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(M=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)(1)
\(\Rightarrow5M=1+\frac{1}{5}+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{49}\)(2)
Lấy (2)-(1) ta có
\(\Rightarrow4M=1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{50}}}{4}\)
Do \(1-\frac{1}{5^{50}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}\)
