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$n_{BaCl_2} = \dfrac{41,6}{208} = 0,2(mol)$
$C_{M_{BaCl_2}} = 0,2 : 0,5 = 0,4M$
$BaCl_2 \to Ba^{2+} + 2Cl^-$
$[Ba^{2+}] = 0,4M ; [Cl^-] = 0,4.2 = 0,8M$
\(n_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{3,4}{85}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{5,22}{261}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ \left[Na^+\right]=\left[NaNO_3\right]=\dfrac{0,04}{0,5}=0,08\left(M\right)\\ \left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\left[Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,5}=0,04\left(M\right)\\ \left[NO^-_3\right]=0,08+0,04.2=0,16\left(M\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)=\left[Na^+\right]=\left[Cl^-\right]\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{171}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=0,4\left(M\right)\\\left[OH^-\right]=0,8\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,025\cdot2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,125+0,025}\approx0,33\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[H^+\right]=0,66\left(M\right)\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,33\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
Coi V dd HCl = 100(ml)
m dd HCl = 1,25.100 = 125(gam)
n HCl = 125.7,3%/36,5 = 0,25(mol)
[H+ ] = [Cl- ] = CM HCl = 0,25/0,1 = 2,5M
b)
n Al = 0,235(mol)
2Al + 6HCl $\to$ 2AlCl3 + 3H2
n HCl pư = 3n Al = 0,705(mol)
n HCl dư = 0,4.2 - 0,705 = 0,095(mol)
[H+ ] = CM HCl dư = 0,095/0,4 = 0,2375M
pH = -log([H+ ]) = 0,624
\(n_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,74}{174}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,4}=0,025M\)
Phương trình điện li: \(K_2SO_4\rightarrow2K^++SO_4^{2-}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[K^+\right]=2C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=0,05M\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2+}\right]=C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=0,025M\)
a)
$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$
$n_{KOH} = 0,3(mol) < n_{HCl} = 1,05(mol)$ nên HCl dư
$n_{HCl\ dư} = 1,05 -0 ,3 = 0,75(mol)$
$n_{KCl} = n_{KOH} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd} = 0,3+ 0,7 = 1(lít)$
Suy ra :
$[K^+] = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3M$
$[Cl^-] = \dfrac{0,75 + 0,3}{1} = 1,05M$
$[H^+] = \dfrac{0,75}{1} = 0,75M$
b)
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,375(mol)$
$V_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{0,375}{1,5} = 0,25(lít)$
\(n_{KOH}=0.3\cdot1=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0.7\cdot1.5=1.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(0.3...........0.3..........0.3\)
Dung dịch D gồm : 0.3 (mol) KCl , 0.75 (mol) HCl dư
\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0.3}{0.3+0.7}=0.3\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0.3+0.75}{0.3+0.7}=1.05\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0.75}{0.3+0.7}=0.75\left(M\right)\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.375..................0.75\)
\(V_{dd_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0.375}{1.5}=0.25\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0.056}{56}=0.001\left(mol\right)\)
\(KOH\rightarrow K^++OH^-\)
\(\left[K^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0.001}{0.02}=0.05\left(M\right)\)