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\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{106}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddNa_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,02}{2}=0,01\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{3}{40}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,075}{1}=0,075\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,74}{174}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,01}{0,4}=0,025M\)
Phương trình điện li: \(K_2SO_4\rightarrow2K^++SO_4^{2-}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[K^+\right]=2C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=0,05M\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2+}\right]=C_{M\left(K_2SO_4\right)}=0,025M\)
a, \(\left[Ca^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,5}{0,15+0,05}=0,375M\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05.2}{0,15+0,05}=0,5M\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,15.2.0,5+0,05.2}{0,15+0,05}=1,25M\)
a, \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=9.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{2}}{0,05}=0,09M\)
b, \(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{4,5.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,6M\)
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,06}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{9.10^{-3}}{0,05+0,15}=0,045M\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)=\left[Na^+\right]=\left[Cl^-\right]\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{171}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=0,4\left(M\right)\\\left[OH^-\right]=0,8\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,025\cdot2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,125+0,025}\approx0,33\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[H^+\right]=0,66\left(M\right)\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,33\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
$n_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,73}{36,5} = 0,02(mol)$
$HCl \to H^+ + Cl^-$
$[H^+] = [Cl^-] = C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,02}{2} = 0,01M$