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1.\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2xy-2x-y=0\\x^4-4\left(x+y-1\right)x^2+y^2+2xy=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x+y\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\x^4-4\left(x+y-1\right)x^2+y^2+2xy=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\1^4-4\left(1+y-1\right)1^2+y^2+2.1.y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)(1)
hoặc \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2x\\x^4-4\left(x-2x-1\right)x^2+\left(-2x\right)^2+2x.\left(-2x\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)(2)
(1)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\1-4y+y^2+2y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y^2-2y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
(2)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2x\\x^4-4\left(-x-1\right)x^2+4x^2-4x^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2x\\x^2\left(x^2+4x+4\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2x\\x^2\left(x+2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)hoặc\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=4\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của hệ pt là (1;1),(0;0),(-2;4)
2. \(x^4-x^3+1-y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-1\right)+\left(1-y\right)\left(1+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3\left(x-1\right)=0\\\left(1-y\right)\left(1+y\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\pm1\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)hoặc\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\pm1\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)
Vậy nghiệm nguyên cuar pt là (0;1),(0;-1),(1;1),(1;-1)
Câu 1:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2+2xy-2x-y=0(1)\\ x^4-4(x+y-1)x^2+y^2+2xy=0(2)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bình phương (1)
\((x^2+2xy-2x-y)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+2xy)^2+(2x+y)^2-2(x^2+2xy)(2x+y)=0(3)\)
Lấy \((3)-(2)\) thu được:
\(4x^3y+4x^2y^2-6x^2y-4xy^2+2xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2xy[2x^2+2xy-3x-2y+1]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2xy[2x(x-1)+2y(x-1)-(x-1)]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2xy(2x+2y-1)(x-1)=0\)
Do đó xét các TH sau:
TH1: \(x=0\) thay vào (1) suy ra \(y=0\)
TH2: \(y=0\Rightarrow x^2-2x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0;2\)
TH3: \(x=1\). Thay vào (1) suy ra \(y=1\). Thử lại thấy đúng.
TH4: \(2x+2y-1=0\)
\((1)\Rightarrow (x+y-1)^2=y^2-y+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-y+1=(\frac{1}{2}-1)^2=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-y+\frac{3}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (y-\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{1}{2}=0\) (vô lý)
Vậy \((x,y)=(0,0); (2,0); (1,1)\)
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(1\le x\le7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{7-x}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(7-x\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)-\sqrt{7-x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{7-x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{7-x}\\\sqrt{x-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=7-x\\x-1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b. ĐKXĐ: ...
Biến đổi pt đầu:
\(x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)^2=\sqrt{y-1}-\sqrt{x}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{y-1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2-b^4=b-a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+a-b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b^2\left(a+b\right)+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y-1}\Rightarrow y=x+1\)
Thế vào pt dưới:
\(3\sqrt{5-x}+3\sqrt{5x-4}=2x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{5x-4}\right)+7-x-3\sqrt{5-x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x^2-5x+4\right)}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{x^2-5x+4}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{1}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
+) Bài bất đẳng thức:
\(\dfrac{2017a-a^2}{bc}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)a-a^2}{bc}=\dfrac{ab+ca}{bc}=\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{a}{b}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2017b-b^2}{ca}=\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{c}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{2017c-c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{2017a-a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{2017b-b^2}{bc}+\dfrac{2017c-c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{2017-a}{a}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)-a}{a}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\right)\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b}}\right)\)
*Có: \(\sqrt{2.\dfrac{a+b}{c}}+\sqrt{2.\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{2.\dfrac{c+a}{b}}\le\dfrac{2+\dfrac{a+b}{c}}{2}+\dfrac{2+\dfrac{b+c}{a}}{2}+\dfrac{2+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}=3+\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}\)
Ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge3+\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}\)
hay \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge6\) (cái này chị tự chứng minh nhé)
ĐK: \(x\ne0\) ; \(y\ne0\)
Hệ phương trình tương đương với:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=4\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(S=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(P=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Mà \(S^2\ge4P\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=4\\S^2-2P=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=4\\P=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=4\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=2\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
1/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+y^3=1\left(1\right)\\x^2y+2xy^2+y^3=2\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy (1). 2 - (2) ta được:
\(2x^3+y^3-x^2y-2xy^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(2x-y\right)=0\)
Đến đây dễ rồi nhé ^^
2/ Ta viết lại pt thứ 2 của hệ:
\(y^2-4\left(x+2\right)y+16+16x-5x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-4\left(x+2\right)y+4\left(x+2\right)^2-9x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[y-2\left(x+2\right)\right]^2-\left(3x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-4\right)\left(y-5x-4\right)=0\)
Bạn làm tiếp nhé!
3/ Ta viết lại pt thứ nhất của hệ
\(x^2-x\left(2y-3\right)+y^2-3y-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x\left(2y-3\right)+\dfrac{4y^2-12y+9}{4}-\dfrac{25}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2y+3}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-4\right)\left(x-y+1\right)=0\)
Bạn làm tiếp được chứ?
4/ Viết lại pt thứ 2 của hệ
\(\left(y+\sqrt{x}\right)^2-\left(y\sqrt{x}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{x}\right)\left(y-\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{x}\right)=0\)
1.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+y^3+x^3y^3=17\\x+y+xy=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+x^3y^3=17\\x+y+xy=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=a\\xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\left(a^2\ge4b\right)\)
Hệ phương trình trở thành \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^3-3ab+b^3=17\\a+b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b+1\right)=17\\a+b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab=6\\a+b=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2;b=3\left(l\right)\\a=3;b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3+y^3=2\\xy\left(x+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)=2\\xy\left(x+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^3-6=2\\xy\left(x+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^3=8\\xy\left(x+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\xy\left(x+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
Ta có:
$p^2=5q^2+4$ chia 5 dư 4 suy ra $p=5k+2(k\in \mathbb{N}^*)$
Ta có:
$(5k+2)^2=5q^2+4\Leftrightarrow 5k^2+4k=q^2\Rightarrow q^2\vdots k$
Mặt khác q là số nguyên tố và $q>k$ nên $k=1$. Thay vào ta được $p=7,q=3$
Gửi bài trên sai chỗ :D