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a)Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{42}+\dfrac{1}{56}+\dfrac{1}{72}+\dfrac{1}{90}+\dfrac{1}{110}+\dfrac{1}{132}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{4\cdot5}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot6}+\dfrac{1}{6\cdot7}+\dfrac{1}{7\cdot8}+\dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}+\dfrac{1}{10\cdot11}+\dfrac{1}{11\cdot12}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{11}-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{12}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b)Đặt \(B=\dfrac{1}{501}+\dfrac{1}{502}+...+\dfrac{1}{1000}\)(có 500 số hạng)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{500}+\dfrac{1}{500}+...+\dfrac{1}{500}\)(có 500 số hạng)
\(B< 500\cdot\dfrac{1}{500}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow B< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+........+\frac{1}{999}-\frac{1}{1000}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.......+\frac{1}{999}+\frac{1}{1000}-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{1000}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.........+\frac{1}{999}+\frac{1}{1000}-1-\frac{1}{2}-......-\frac{1}{500}\)
\(=\frac{1}{501}+\frac{1}{502}+.......+\frac{1}{1000}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{501}< \dfrac{1}{500}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{502}< \dfrac{1}{500}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{503}< \dfrac{1}{500}\)
..................
\(\dfrac{1}{1000}< \dfrac{1}{500}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{501}+\dfrac{1}{502}+\dfrac{1}{503}+...+\dfrac{1}{1000}< \dfrac{1}{500}+\dfrac{1}{500}+\dfrac{1}{500}+...+\dfrac{1}{500}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{501}+\dfrac{1}{502}+\dfrac{1}{503}+...+\dfrac{1}{1000}< \dfrac{500}{500}=1\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{501}+\dfrac{1}{502}+\dfrac{1}{503}+...+\dfrac{1}{1000}< 1\)
Đặt A = \(\dfrac{1}{501}+\dfrac{1}{502}+\dfrac{1}{503}+...+\dfrac{1}{1000}\)
Ta thấy A có 500 phân số.
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{501}< \dfrac{1}{500}\\ \dfrac{1}{502}< \dfrac{1}{500}\)
....................
\(\dfrac{1}{1000}< \dfrac{1}{500}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A< \(\dfrac{1}{500}+\dfrac{1}{500}+...+\dfrac{1}{500}\)( có 500 phân số \(\dfrac{1}{500}\))
\(\Rightarrow A< 500.\dfrac{1}{500}\\ \Rightarrow A< \dfrac{500}{500}\\ \Rightarrow A< 1\)
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