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Từ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(yz\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+y+z\right)+xy\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(xyz+y^2z+yz^2+x^2z+xyz+xz^2+x^2y+xy^2+xyz-xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(2xyz+y^2z+yz^2+x^2z+xz^2+x^2y+xy^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2\left(y+z\right)+x\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+xy+xz+yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=-y\) hoặc \(y=-z\) hoặc \(z=-x\)
Vậy, trong ba số x, y, z có hai số đối nhau
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}-\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{-x-y}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\right)=0\)
\(+,x+y=0\Rightarrow x=-y\Rightarrow\text{đpcm}\)
\(+,\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy+xz+yz+z^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+z\left(z+y\right)}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Rightarrow y+z=0\Rightarrow z=-y\Rightarrow\text{đpcm}\)
\(\text{Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh }\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\) (do x+y+z = 2015)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)
đến đây tự lm nốt nha
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương, ta được:
\(\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x+1}{4}\ge\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{x+1}{4}}=3.\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y+1}{4}\ge\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}.\frac{y}{2}.\frac{y+1}{4}}=3.\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{z}{2}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}.\frac{z}{2}.\frac{z+1}{4}}=3.\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x+1}{4}\)\(+\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y+1}{4}\)
\(+\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{z}{2}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}.3=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{2}+\frac{x+y+z+3}{4}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(taco:\)
\(\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{x}{2}+\frac{x+1}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}.\frac{x}{2}.\frac{x+1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y+1}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}.\frac{y}{2}.\frac{y+1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{z}{2}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}.\frac{z}{2}.\frac{z+1}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}+\frac{x+y+z}{2}+\frac{x+y+z+3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+x}+\frac{1}{y^2+y}+\frac{1}{z^2+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(dpcm\right)\)
^^
Mình giải lại bài này cho đầy đủ hơn nhé: (nãy chỉ là hướng dẫn thôi)
Ta sẽ c/m: \(\frac{1}{x^2+x}\ge-\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{5}{4}\) (1).Thật vậy,xét hiệu hai vế,ta có:
\(VT-VP=\frac{\left(3x+4\right)\left(x-1\right)^2}{4\left(x^2+x\right)}\ge0\)
Suy ra \(VT\ge VP\).Vậy (1) đúng.
Thiết lập hai BĐT còn lại tương tự và cộng theo vế,ta có:
\(VT\ge-\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{5}{4}.3=\frac{3}{2}^{\left(đpcm\right)}\)
Từ x+y+z=3 ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\frac{\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
Nhân chéo ta có:
\(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+xyz+x^2z+y^2x+y^2z+xyz+xyz+z^2y+z^2x=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+x^2z+y^2z+y^2x+z^2x+z^2y+2xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2y+x^2z+y^2x+xyz\right)+\left(y^2z+z^2x+z^2y+xyz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(xy+xz+y^2+yz\right)+z\left(xy+xz+y^2+yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(xy+xz+y^2+yz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left[\left(xy+y^2\right)+\left(xz+yz\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left[y\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)=0\)
Suy ra x+z=0 hoặc y+z=0 hoặc x+y=0
Với x+z=0 ta đc y=3
Với y+z=0 ta đc x=3
Với x+y=0 ta đc z=3
Từ đó suy ra đccm
