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a, Sử dụng tích chéo:
Ta có:
+/ \(\cos\alpha.\cos\alpha=\cos^2\alpha\) (1)
+/ \(\left(1+\sin\alpha\right)\left(1-\sin\alpha\right)=1-\sin^2\alpha\)
Mà \(\sin^2\alpha+\cos^2\alpha=1\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\sin^2\alpha=\cos^2\alpha\)
hay \(\left(1+\sin\alpha\right)\left(1-\sin\alpha\right)=\cos^2\alpha\) (2)
Từ (1), (2)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\cos\alpha.\cos\alpha=\)\(\left(1+\sin\alpha\right)\left(1-\sin\alpha\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{\cos\alpha}{1-\sin\alpha}=\dfrac{1+\sin\alpha}{\cos\alpha}\) (đpcm)
b/ xem lại đề
a) Cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{1-cos\alpha}{sin\alpha}=\dfrac{sin\alpha}{1+cos\alpha}\)
\(\Rightarrow sin^2\alpha=\left(1-cos\alpha\right)\left(1+cos\alpha\right)\Rightarrow sin^2\alpha=1-cos^2\alpha\)
\(\Rightarrow sin^2\alpha+cos^2\alpha=1\)
Giả sử tam giác ABC vuông tại A
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin^2B=\dfrac{AC^2}{BC^2}\\cos^2B=\dfrac{AB^2}{BC^2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow sin^2B+cos^2B=\dfrac{AC^2+AB^2}{BC^2}=\dfrac{BC^2}{BC^2}=1\)
a)\(\dfrac{1-cosa}{sina}=\dfrac{sina}{1+cosa}\)
<=>\(\left(1-cosa\right)\left(1+cosa\right)=sin^2a\)
<=>\(1-cos^2a=sin^2a\) (lđ)
b)Ta có VT=\(\dfrac{cosa}{1+sina}+tga=\dfrac{cosa}{1+sina}+\dfrac{sina}{cosa}=\dfrac{cos^2a+sin^2a+sina}{\left(1+sina\right)cosa}=\dfrac{1+sina}{\left(1+sina\right)cosa}=\dfrac{1}{cosa}=vp\left(dpcm\right)\)
a) \(1+tan^2B=1+\dfrac{AC^2}{AB^2}=\dfrac{AB^2+AC^2}{AB^2}=\dfrac{BC^2}{AB^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left(\dfrac{AB}{BC}\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{cos^2B}\)
b) Ta có: \(a.sinB.cosB=BC.\dfrac{AC}{BC}.\dfrac{AB}{BC}=\dfrac{AC.AB}{BC}=\dfrac{AH.BC}{BC}=AH\)
\(AB^2=BH.BC\Rightarrow BH=\dfrac{AB^2}{BC}=BC.\left(\dfrac{AB}{BC}\right)^2=BC.cos^2B\)
Tương tự \(\Rightarrow CH=BC.sin^2B\)
1: \(=\dfrac{cotx+1+tanx+1}{\left(tanx+1\right)\left(cotx+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{cotx}+cotx+2}{2+tanx+cotx}\)
\(=1\)
2: \(VT=\dfrac{cos^2x+cosxsinx+sin^2x-sinx\cdot cosx}{sin^2x-cos^2x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{sin^2x-cos^2x}\)
\(VP=\dfrac{1+cot^2x}{1-cot^2x}=\left(1+\dfrac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}\right):\left(1-\dfrac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{sin^2x}:\dfrac{sin^2x-cos^2x}{sin^2x}=\dfrac{1}{sin^2x-cos^2x}\)
=>VT=VP
3. Cho tam giác ABC vuông tại A . Vẽ hình và thiết lập các hệ thúc tính TSLG của góc B từ đó suy ra các hệ thức tính TSLG góc C
Bài 2:
\(=\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^3-3sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)+3sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
\(=1-3\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a+3\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
=1
Bài 1:
Áp dụng định lí pytago trong tam giác vuông ABC ta có:
BC2=AC2+AB2
BC2=42+32
BC=\(\sqrt{25}\)=5(cm)
Ta có:
Sin B=\(\dfrac{AC}{BC}=\dfrac{4}{5}=0.8\)
Cos B=\(\dfrac{AB}{BC}=\dfrac{3}{5}=0.6\)
Tag B=\(\dfrac{AC}{AB}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Cotg B=\(\dfrac{AB}{AC}=\dfrac{3}{4}=0.75\)
a: \(\dfrac{\cos\alpha}{1-\sin\alpha}=\dfrac{1+\sin\alpha}{\cos\alpha}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\cos^2\alpha=1-\sin^2\alpha\)(đúng)
b: Ta có: \(\dfrac{\left(\sin\alpha+\cos\alpha\right)^2-\left(\sin\alpha-\cos\alpha\right)^2}{\sin\alpha\cdot\cos\alpha}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\cdot\sin\alpha\cdot\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha\cdot\cos\alpha}\)
=4
a) Ta có : sin\(^2\)12o=cos278o=> sin212o+sin278o=1.
tương tự => A=3
b) tương tự câu (a) ta có: cos215o=sin275o ( do 15+75=90 nha bạn ) => cos215o+cos275o=1. Tương tự => B=0
Đặt \(f\left(A,B,C\right)=cosA+cosB+cosC+\dfrac{1}{sinA}+\dfrac{1}{sinB}+\dfrac{1}{sinC}-2\sqrt{3}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Ta có: \(f\left(A,B,C\right)-f\left(A,\dfrac{B+C}{2},\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(cosB+cosC-2cos\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{sinB}+\dfrac{1}{sinC}-\dfrac{2}{sin\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)}\right)\)
\(=2cos\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)\left(cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{sinB}+\dfrac{1}{sinC}-\dfrac{2}{sin\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Bên cạnh đó ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{sinB}+\dfrac{1}{sinC}-\dfrac{2}{sin\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)}\ge\dfrac{4}{sinB+sinC}-\dfrac{2}{sin\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{4\left(1-cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\right)}{sinB+sinC}\)
Do đó \(\left(1\right)\ge2\left(1-cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{sinB+sinC}-cos\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)\right)\)
\(=\left(1-cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)\right)\left(\dfrac{1-sin\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)cos\left(\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)cos\left(\dfrac{B-C}{2}\right)}{sinB+sinC}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(A,B,C\right)\ge f\left(A,\dfrac{B+C}{2},\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)\)
Giờ ta chỉ cần chứng minh bất đẳng thức đúng trong trường hợp tam giác cân.
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}B=\dfrac{\pi}{2}-\dfrac{A}{2}\\cosB=cosC=\dfrac{sinA}{2}\\sinB=sinC=\dfrac{cosA}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(A,\dfrac{B+C}{2},\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)=\left(cosA+2sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{sinA}+\dfrac{2}{cos\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)}-2\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\left(sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)-1\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{1+4sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)-2\sqrt{3}sinA}{sinA}\)
Mà ta có: \(1\ge sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow8sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)\ge2\sqrt{3}sinA+4sin^2\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1+4sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)-2\sqrt{3}sinA\ge4sin^2\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)-4sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)+1=\left(2sin\left(\dfrac{A}{2}-1\right)\right)^2\)
Từ đó ta suy ra:
\(f\left(A,\dfrac{B+C}{2},\dfrac{B+C}{2}\right)\ge\left(2sin-1\right)^2\left(\dfrac{1}{sinA}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\)
Vậy bài toán đã được chứng minh. Dấu = xảy ra khi \(A=B=C=\dfrac{\pi}{3}\)
Hàm số \(f\left(x\right)=\cos\left(x\right)+\dfrac{1}{\sin\left(x\right)}\) là hàm lồi trên \(\left(0,\pi\right)\)
Do đó theo BĐT Jensen ( trường hợp của Karamata) có:
\(f\left(A\right)+f\left(B\right)+f\left(c\right)\ge3f\left(\dfrac{A+B+C}{3}\right)=3f\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=2\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{3}{2}\)
P/s:Tính độ "lầy" của hàm số:
\(f''(x)=-\cos(x)-\frac{1}{\sin(x)}+\frac{2}{(\sin(x))^3}\)
Và cho \(x\in (0,\pi);f''(x)>0\) nếu \(2>(\sin(x))^2(\sin(x)\cos(x)+1)\) là xài dc Jensen :D