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Bài 1 :
a) Ta có : \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) , \(b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc}\) , \(c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\) hay \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge8abc\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\frac{yz}{xyz}+\frac{xz}{xyz}+\frac{xy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=0\)
yz + xz + xy = 0
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times\left(xy+xz+yz\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times0=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)
a) Từ giả thiết suy ra: xy + yz + zx = 0
Do đó:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
b) Đặt \(\frac{1}{a-b}=x\); \(\frac{1}{b-c}=y\); \(\frac{1}{c-a}=z\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)
Theo câu a ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
Suy ra điều phải chứng minh
1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (1)
Thật vậy : BĐT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:
\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 2 số không âm :
\(x^2+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{x^2}{x}}=2.\sqrt{x}\)
\(y^2+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{y^2}{y}}=2.\sqrt{y}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được :
\(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{x}+2.\sqrt{y}=2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng mình
Ta đi chứng minh:\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)* đúng *
Khi đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+abc}\le\frac{a}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)};\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+abc}\le\frac{b}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
đặt x=a-b;y=b-c;z=c-a
ta có x+y+z=0
nên ta có ĐPCM
\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
<=> \(2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\frac{z}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}+\frac{x}{xyz}=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=0\) (luôn đúng )
\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)^2+2\frac{1}{ab}+2\frac{1}{bc}+2\frac{1}{ac}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ac}=0\\ 2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=0\)
\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}=0\\ \frac{abc^2+a^2bc+ab^2c}{a^2b^2c^2}=0\)
\(abc^2+a^2bc+ab^2c=0\\ abc\left(c+a+b\right)=0\)
\(a+b+c=0\)(DPCM)
\(\frac{1}{p-a}\)+\(\frac{1}{p-b}\)+\(\frac{1}{p-c}\)\(\ge\)2.(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)+\(\frac{1}{c}\))
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{p-a}\)= \(\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{2}-a}\)=\(\frac{2}{b+c-a}\)
\(\frac{1}{p-b}\)=\(\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{2}-b}\)=\(\frac{2}{a+c-b}\)
\(\frac{1}{p-c}\)=\(\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c}{2}-c}\)=\(\frac{2}{a+b-c}\)
Vì a,b,c>0 ta có dụng BĐT sau:\(\frac{1}{x}\)+\(\frac{1}{y}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\frac{2}{b+c-a}\)+\(\frac{2}{a+c-b}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{2.4}{b+c-a+a+c-b}\)=\(\frac{8}{2c}\)=\(\frac{4}{c}\)
\(\frac{2}{b+c-a}\)+\(\frac{2}{a+b-c}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{2.4}{b+c-a+a+b-c}\)=\(\frac{8}{2b}\)=\(\frac{4}{b}\)
\(\frac{2}{a+b-c}\)+\(\frac{2}{a+c-b}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{2.4}{a+b-c+a+c-b}\)=\(\frac{8}{2a}\)=\(\frac{4}{a}\)
Cộng vế với vế của (1);(2) và(3) ta co:
\(\frac{4}{b+c-a}\)+\(\frac{4}{a+c-b}\)+\(\frac{4}{a+b-c}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{4}{c}\)+\(\frac{4}{b}\)+\(\frac{4}{a}\)
\(\frac{2}{b+c-a}\)+\(\frac{2}{a+c-b}\)+\(\frac{2}{a+b-c}\)\(\ge\)2(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)+\(\frac{1}{c}\))
Vậy\(\frac{1}{p-a}\)+\(\frac{1}{p-b}\)+\(\frac{1}{p-c}\)\(\ge\)2(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\)+\(\frac{1}{c}\))
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c