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Quy hh về FeO : a mol và Fe2O3: b mol (trong từng phần)
Phần 1: mFe2O3=8,8g --> nFe2O3=0,055 mol -->a/2 +b=0,055
Phần 2: nKMnO4=0,01 mol -->n Fe2+=0,05=nFeO=a
-->b=0,03 mol
m=16,8 g ; nH2SO4=nO=0,28 mol -->V=0,56l
Gọi số mol KClO3, KMnO4 trong mỗi phần là a, b (mol)
Phần 1:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
mY = 122,5a + 158b - 0,1.32 = 122,5a + 158b - 3,2 (g)
Bảo toàn O: \(n_{O\left(Y\right)}=3a+4b-0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16\left(3a+4b-0,2\right)}{122,5a+158b-3,2}.100\%=34,5\%\)
=> 5,7375a + 9,49b = 2,096 (1)
Phần 2:
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
a----------->a
2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
b------------>0,5b------>0,5b
=> 74,5a + 142b = 29,1 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.122,5}{0,2.122,5+0,1.158}.100\%=60,8\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.158}{0,2.122,5+0,1.158}.100\%=39,2\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\uparrow\\ Theo.pt:n_K=2n_{H_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_K=0,2.39=7,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{K_2O}=17,2-7,8=9,4\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{CuO\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ LTL:0,15>0,1\Rightarrow Cu.dư\)
Gọi nCuO (pư) = a (mol)
=> nCu = a (mol)
mchất rắn sau pư = 80(0,15 - a) + 64a = 10,8
=> a = 0,075 (mol)
=> nH2 (pư) = 0,075 (mol)
\(H=\dfrac{0,075}{0,1}=75\%\)
P2:
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,15<-------------------0,15
=> nMg = 0,15 (mol)
P1:
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=8\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8}{32}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,15-->0,075
2Cu + O2 --to--> 2CuO
0,35<-0,175
=> m = (0,15.24 + 0,35.64).2 = 52 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2.0,15.24}{52}.100\%=13,85\%\%\\\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{2.0,35.64}{52}.100\%=86,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: m1 = m2 = 11,05 (g)
Phần 1:
PT: \(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mO2 = m oxit
⇒ mO2 = 18,25 - 11,05 = 7,2 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,2}{32}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Mg}=0,45\left(1\right)\)
Phần 2:
PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Mg}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mH2SO4 = m muối + mH2
⇒ m chất rắn khan = m muối = 11,05 + 0,45.98 - 0,45.2 = 54,25 (g)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(Đăt:n_{K\left(mp\right)}=a\left(mol\right),n_{K_2O\left(mp\right)}\text{b}\left(mol\right).n_{CuO\left(mp\right)}=c\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=39\cdot2a+94\cdot2b+80\cdot2c=34.6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow78a+188b+160c=34.6\left(1\right)\)
\(P1:\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
\(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{16.8}{56}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_K+2n_{K_2O}=0.3\)
\(\Rightarrow a+2b=0.3\left(2\right)\)
\(P2:\)
\(m_{O_2}=\dfrac{0.8}{32}=0.025\left(mol\right)\)
\(4K+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2K_2O\)
\(0.1.....0.025\)
\(n_K=a=0.1\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right):a=b=c=0.1\)
\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.1}{2}\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(\%K=\dfrac{0.2\cdot39}{34.6}\cdot100\%=22.54\%\)
\(\%K_2O=\dfrac{0.2\cdot94}{34.6}\cdot100\%=54.33\%\)
\(\%CuO=23.13\%\)