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1) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
mA = mKMnO4(bđ) - mO2 = 79 - 0,15.32 = 74,2 (g)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,3<-----------0,15<----0,15<---0,15
=> \(H=\dfrac{0,3.158}{79}.100\%=60\%\)
2)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{0,15.197}{74,2}.100\%=39,825\%\\\%m_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{0,15.87}{74,2}.100\%=17,588\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4\left(không.pư\right)}=\dfrac{79-0,3.158}{74,2}.100\%=42,587\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) \(n_{KMnO_4\left(không.pư\right)}=\dfrac{79}{158}-0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 + 16HCl --> 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
0,2----------------------------------->0,5
K2MnO4 + 8HCl --> 2KCl + MnCl2 + 2Cl2 + 4H2O
0,15-------------------------------->0,3
MnO2 + 4Hcl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
0,15------------------->0,15
=> \(V_{Cl_2}=22,4\left(0,5+0,3+0,15\right)=21,28\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{79}{158}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,5 0,15
a)\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,15\cdot197=29,55g\)
\(m_{MnO_2}=0,15\cdot87=13,05g\)
\(m_{CRắn}=m_{KMnO_4}+m_{MnO_2}=29,55+13,05=42,6g\)
\(n_{KMnO_4pư}=0,15\cdot2=0,3mol\)
\(H=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}\cdot100\%=60\%\)
b)\(m_{O_2}=0,15\cdot32=4,8g\)
\(\%m_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{29,55}{42,6}\cdot100\%=69,37\%\)
\(\%m_{MnO_2}=100\%-69,37\%=30,63\%\)
1)
Gọi số mol KMnO4, KClO3 là a, b (mol)
=> 158a + 122,5b = 308,2 (1)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
a-------------------------------->0,5a
2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
b------------------>1,5b
=> mO2 = (0,5a + 1,5b).32 = 16a + 48b (g)
mD = 308,2 - 16a - 48b(g)
\(m_{Mn}=\dfrac{\left(308,2-16a-48b\right).10,69}{100}=32,94658-1,7104a-5,1312b\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{Mn}=\dfrac{32,94658-1,7104a-5,1312b}{55}=0,6-\dfrac{1069}{34375}a-\dfrac{3207}{34375}\left(mol\right)\)
Mà \(n_{Mn}=n_{KMnO_4}=a\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\dfrac{35444}{34375}a+\dfrac{3207}{34375}b=0,6\) (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,4 (mol); b = 2 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,4.158}{308,2}.100\%=20,506\%\\\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2.122,5}{308,2}.100\%=79,494\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
2)
Giả sử nung 100 (g) đá vôi
=> \(m_{CaCO_3\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{80.100}{100}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{rắn.sau.pư}=\dfrac{100.73,6}{100}=73,6\left(g\right)\)
=> mCO2 = 100 - 73,6 = 26,4 (g)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{26,4}{44}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 --to--> CaO + CO2
0,6<----------------0,6
=> mCaCO3(pư) = 0,6.100 = 60 (g)
\(H\%=\dfrac{60}{80}.100\%=75\%\)
Gọi n KMnO4 = a
n KClO3 = b ( mol )
--> 158a + 122,5 b = 43,3
PTHH :
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
0,9b 1,35b
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,9a 0,45a
\(\%Mn=\dfrac{55a}{43,3-32\left(0,45a+1,35b\right)}=24,103\%\)
\(\rightarrow a=0,15\)
\(b=0,16\)
\(m_{KMnO_4}=0,15.158=23,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{KClO_3}=0,16.122,5=19,6\left(g\right)\)
Z gồm CO2 và O2 dư
$C + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2$
$n_{CO_2} =n_{O_2\ pư} = n_C = \dfrac{1,128}{12} = 0,094(mol)$
Gọi $n_{O_2} = 2a \to n_{không\ khí} = 3a(mol)$
Trong Y :
$n_{O_2} = 2a + 3a.20\% = 2,6a(mol)$
$n_{N_2} = 3a.80\% = 2,4a(mol)$
Trong Z :
$n_{CO_2} = 0,094(mol)$
$n_{N_2} = 2,4a(mol)$
$n_{O_2\ dư} = n_{O_2} - n_{O_2\ pư} = 2,6a - 0,094(mol)$
m CO2 =0,094.44 = 4,136(gam)
=> m Z = 4,136 : 27,5% = 15,04(gam)
SUy ra :
4,136 + 2,4a.28 + (2,6a - 0,094).32 = 15,04
=> a = 0,0925
=> n O2 = 0,0925.2 = 0,185(mol)
m X = 43,5 : 46,4% = 93,75(gam)
Bảo toàn khối lượng : m = 93,75 + 0,185.32 = 99,67(gam)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,728}{27}=0,064\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
____0,064->0,048
=> mO2 = 0,048.32 = 1,536 (g)
\(m_B=\dfrac{0,894.100}{8,127}=11\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: mA = mB + mO2
=> mA = 11 + 1,536 = 12,536 (g)
Gọi số mol KClO3, KMnO4 trong mỗi phần là a, b (mol)
Phần 1:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
mY = 122,5a + 158b - 0,1.32 = 122,5a + 158b - 3,2 (g)
Bảo toàn O: \(n_{O\left(Y\right)}=3a+4b-0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16\left(3a+4b-0,2\right)}{122,5a+158b-3,2}.100\%=34,5\%\)
=> 5,7375a + 9,49b = 2,096 (1)
Phần 2:
PTHH: 2KClO3 --to--> 2KCl + 3O2
a----------->a
2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
b------------>0,5b------>0,5b
=> 74,5a + 142b = 29,1 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.122,5}{0,2.122,5+0,1.158}.100\%=60,8\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.158}{0,2.122,5+0,1.158}.100\%=39,2\%\end{matrix}\right.\)