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a)\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{ }ZnSO_4+H_2\)
b)\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,95}{65}=0,03\left(m\right)\);\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,57}{98}=0,16\left(m\right)\)
\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}ZnSO_4+H_2\)
ta có tỉ lệ:\(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,16}{1}->Zndư\)
\(n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,16=0,14\left(m\right)\)
\(m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,14.65=9,1\left(g\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}ZnSO_4+H_2\)
tỉ lệ :1 1 1 1
số mol :0,16 0,16 0,16 0,16
\(V_{H_2}=0,16.22,4=3,584\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{1,95}{65}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{1,57}{98}\approx0,016\left(mol\right)\)
\(PT:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{n_{Zn\left(ĐB\right)}}{n_{Zn\left(PT\right)}}=\dfrac{0,03}{1}>\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4\left(ĐB\right)}}{n_{H_2SO_4}\left(PT\right)}=\dfrac{0,016}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Zn dư , H2SO4 hết , tính theo H2SO4
b, Theo PT : \(n_{zn}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,016\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(pứ\right)}=n\cdot M=0,016\cdot32=0,512\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=m_{Zn\left(ĐB\right)}-n_{Zn\left(Pứ\right)}=1,95-0,512=1,438\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT : \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,016\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_{2\left(đktc\right)}}=n\cdot22,4=0,016\cdot22,4=0,3584\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,95}{65}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,47}{98}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,03}{1}>\dfrac{0,015}{1}\), ta được Zn dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,015=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,015.65=0,975\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,015.22,4=0,336\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{13}{24}=0,54mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,54 0,54 ( mol )
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,54.95=51,3g\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,54 0,54 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,54.64=34,56g\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,02=\dfrac{1}{75}\left(mol\right)\\ b,\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{75}.27}{30}.100=1,2\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-1,2\%=98,8\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(0.2.......0.2......0.2\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=0.2\cdot64=12.8\left(g\right)\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2CuO\)
\(0.2......0.1\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.1\cdot22.4=11.2\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{24}{160}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Fe2O3 p/ứ hết, H2 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
b)
+) Cách 1
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
+) Cách 2:
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=....\)
Bn phải ghi rõ là oxit nào nha.
a. PT: Fe2O3 + 3CO ---> 2Fe + 3CO2.
b. Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
nCO = \(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\)
Vậy Fe dư.
c. Theo PT: nFe = 2.nCO = 2 . 0,3 = 0,6(mol)
=> mFe = 0,6 . 56 = 33,6(g)
Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CO}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CO_2}=0,3.44=13,2\left(g\right)\)
a)
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
b) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32.20\%}{160}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32-0,04.160}{80}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,32-->0,32---->0,32
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,04-->0,12-------->0,08
=> VH2 = (0,32 + 0,12).22,4 = 9,856 (l)
c)
mCu = 0,32.64 = 20,48 (g)
mFe = 0,08.56 = 4,48 (g)
`a)PTHH:`
`CuO + H_2` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`
`0,1` `0,1` `0,1` `(mol)`
`b)n_[H_2]=[2,24]/[22,4]=0,1(mol)`
`n_[CuO]=[9,6]/80=0,12(mol)`
Ta có:`[0,1]/1 < [0,12]/1`
`=>CuO` dư
`=>n_[CuO(dư)]=0,12-0,1=0,02(mol)`
`c)m_[Cu]=0,1.64=6,4(g)`