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a.b.\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95g\)
c.\(n_{H_2}=0,15.60\%=0,09mol\)
\(Ag_2O+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Ag+H_2O\)
0,09 0,18 ( mol )
\(m_{Ag}=0,18.108=19,44g\)
\(a.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ TheoPT:n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ b.TheoPT:n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=0,15.60\%=0,054\left(g\right)\\ H_2+Ag_2O-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Ag+H_2O\\ n_{Ag}=2n_{H_2}=0,108\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ag}=0,108.108=11,664\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=4.36,5=146\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=2.95=190\left(g\right)\)
\(a.n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b.n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+H_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\\ \Rightarrow H_2dưsauphảnứng\\ n_{Cu}=n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2O}=n_{CuO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,2-0,15\right).2=0,1\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,15.18=2,7\left(g\right)\)
a) \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=0,2.2=0,4mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6g\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2mol\)
Thể tích khí hidro sinh ra (ở đktc):
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l.\)
nZn = 13/65 = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,4 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2
mZnCl2 = 0,2 . 136 = 27,2 (g)
VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)
nCuO = 12/80 = 0,15 (mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -> (t°) Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,15 < 0,2 => H2 dư
nCuO (p/ư) = nCu = nH2O = nCuO = 0,15 (mol)
mCu = 0,15 . 64 = 9,6 (g)
mH2O = 0,15 . 18 = 2,7 (g)
mCuO (dư) = (0,2 - 0,15) . 80 = 4 (g)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{MgSO_4}=120.0,1=12\left(g\right)\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{48}{80}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,6}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\)
=> CuO dư
\(n_{CuO\left(P\text{Ư}\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{CuO\left(d\right)}=\left(0,6-0,1\right).80=40\left(g\right)\)
nMg=2,424=0,1(mol)pthh:Mg+H2SO4→MgSO4+H2nMg=2,424=0,1(mol)pthh:Mg+H2SO4→MgSO4+H2
0,1 0,1 0,1
mMgSO4=120.0,1=12(g)nCuO=4880=0,6(mol)pthh:CuO+H2to→Cu+H2OmMgSO4=120.0,1=12(g)nCuO=4880=0,6(mol)pthh:CuO+H2to→Cu+H2O
a)
\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\)
2<------4<----------2<---------2 (mol)
b)
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n\cdot M=4\cdot\left(1+35,5\right)=146\left(g\right)\)
c)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=n\cdot M=2\cdot\left(24+71\right)=190\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}=2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\text{a)}Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(2mol\) \(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(4mol\) \(2mol\) \(2mol\)
\(b)m_{HCl}=n.M=4.36,5=146\left(g\right)\)
\(c)m_{MgCl_2}=n.M=2.95=190\left(g\right)\)
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
Theo ĐLBTKL: mMg + mHCl = mMgCl2 + mH2
=> mMgCl2 = 4,8 + 14,6 - 0,2.2 = 19(g)
VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{13}{24}=0,54mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,54 0,54 ( mol )
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,54.95=51,3g\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,54 0,54 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,54.64=34,56g\)