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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\left(b+2017\right)}{b\left(b+2017\right)}\\\dfrac{a+2017}{b+2017}=\dfrac{b\left(a+2017\right)}{b\left(b+2017\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{ab+2017a}{b^2+2017b}\\\dfrac{a+2017}{b+2017}=\dfrac{ab+2017b}{b^2+2017b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta cần so sánh:
\(ab+2017a\) với \(ab+2017b\)
Cần so sánh \(a\) với \(b\)
Nếu \(a>b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a+2017}{b+2017}\)
Nếu \(a< b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+2017}{b+2017}\)
Nếu \(a=b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a+2017}{b+2017}\)
Mấy câu sau dễ tương tự
\(a,\dfrac{a}{b}>1\Leftrightarrow a>1\cdot b=b\\ \dfrac{a}{b}< 1\Leftrightarrow a< 1\cdot b=b\\ b,\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\left(b+1\right)}{b\left(b+1\right)}=\dfrac{ab+a}{b^2+b}\\ \dfrac{a+1}{b+1}=\dfrac{b\left(a+1\right)}{b\left(b+1\right)}=\dfrac{ab+b}{b^2+b}\\ \forall a=b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a+1}{b+1}\\ \forall a>b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a+1}{b+1}\\ \forall a< b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+1}{b+1}\)
\(c,\forall a>b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}-1=\dfrac{a-b}{b}>\dfrac{a-b}{b+n}\left(b< b+n;a-b>0\right)=\dfrac{a+n}{b+n}-1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a+n}{b+n}\\ \forall a< b\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b-a}{b}>\dfrac{b-a}{b+n}\left(b< b+n;b-a>0\right)=1-\dfrac{a+n}{b+n}\\ \Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{a}{b}>1-\dfrac{a+n}{b+n}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a+n}{b+n}\\ \forall a=b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+n}{b+n}=\dfrac{a}{b}\left(=1\right)\)
Câu 1:
\(\dfrac{x+1}{10}+\dfrac{x+1}{11}+\dfrac{x+1}{12}=\dfrac{x+1}{13}+\dfrac{x+1}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x+1}{10}+\dfrac{x+1}{11}+\dfrac{x+1}{12}\right)\) - \(\left(\dfrac{x+1}{13}+\dfrac{x+1}{14}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}-\dfrac{1}{13}-\dfrac{1}{14}\right)\)= 0
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{10}+\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}-\dfrac{1}{13}-\dfrac{1}{14}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1=0\)
=> x = 0 - 1
=> x = -1
Câu 2:
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{3n+9}{n-4}=\dfrac{3n-3.4+9+12}{n-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{3.\left(n-4\right)+21}{n-4}=3+\dfrac{21}{n-4}\)
Để A có giá trị nguyên thì:
n - 4 \(\in\) Ư(21)
=> n - 4 \(\in\)
| n4 | 3 | -3 | 7 | -7 | -1 | 1 | -21 | 21 |
| n | 7 | 1 | 11 | -3 | 3 | 5 | -17 | 25 |
