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Bài 2 : đã cm bên kia
Bài 1: :|
we had điều này:
\(2=\frac{2014}{x}+\frac{2014}{y}+\frac{2014}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-2014}{x}+\frac{y-2014}{y}+\frac{z-204}{z}=1\)
Xòng! bunyakovsky
P/s : Bệnh lười kinh niên tái phát nên ít khi ol sorry :<
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)
\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)
\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z
\(a,\)\(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
Câu 1: Đặt \(S=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(1-y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(3-3y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\le\frac{3-3x+x+1}{2}=\frac{4-2x}{2}=2-x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\ge\frac{x}{2-x}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(3-3y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\ge\frac{y}{2-y}\)
Từ đó: \(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{x}{2-x}+\frac{y}{2-y}=\frac{x^2}{2x-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y-y^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz: \(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{x^2}{2x-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y-y^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x+y\right)-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\frac{1}{2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{1}{2-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow S\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\)(ĐPCM).
Dấu bằng có <=> \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\).
Câu 4: Sửa đề CMR: \(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+b}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+c}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+d}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}=\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}+\frac{d}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)(AM-GM)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)\(;\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Nhân 4 BĐT trên theo vế thì có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(abcd\right)^3}{\left[\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)\right]^3}}\)
\(=81.\frac{abcd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow81.abcd\le1\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu "=" có <=> \(a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{3}\).
xét VT = \(\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a+1}}{a-a-1}\) + \(\frac{\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a+2}}{a+1-a+2}\) + \(\frac{\sqrt{a+2}-\sqrt{a+3}}{a+2-a-3}\)
= \(-\)\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a+2}-\sqrt{a+2}+\sqrt{a+3}\)
= \(\sqrt{a+3}-\sqrt{a}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{a+3}^2-\sqrt{a}^2}{\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{a}}\)
=\(\frac{a+3-a}{\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{a}}\) =\(\frac{3}{\sqrt{a+3}\sqrt{a}}\) = VP \(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
2a)với a,b,c là các số thực ta có
\(a^2-ab+b^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left|a+b\right|\)
tương tự \(\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left|b+c\right|\)
tương tự \(\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left|a+c\right|\)
cộng từng vế mỗi BĐT ta được \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2-ca+a^2}\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=a+b+c\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c
\(P=\frac{2a}{2\sqrt{\left(b+1\right)\left(b^2-b+1\right)}+2}+\frac{2b}{2\sqrt{\left(c+1\right)\left(c^2-c+1\right)}+2}\)\(+\frac{2c}{2\sqrt{\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)}+2}\)
\(P\ge\frac{2a}{b^2+4}+\frac{2b}{c^2+4}+\frac{2c}{a^2+4}\)
\(2P\ge\frac{4a}{b^2+4}+\frac{4b}{c^2+4}+\frac{4c}{a^2+4}=a-\frac{ab^2}{b^2+4}+b-\frac{bc^2}{c^2+4}+a-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+4}\)
\(2p\ge a+b+c-\left(\frac{ab^2}{4b}+\frac{bc^2}{4c}+\frac{ca^2}{4a}\right)\)
\(2P\ge6-\frac{1}{4}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge6-\frac{1}{12}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)
b/ \(a-\frac{1}{a}=\sqrt{a}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+\frac{1}{a}-2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+\frac{1}{a}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-\frac{1}{a}=\sqrt{5}\)
a/ Ta có: \(x=\frac{1-5y}{2}\) thê vô ta được
\(x^2+y^2=y^2+\left(\frac{1-5y}{2}\right)^2=\frac{29y^2-10y+1}{4}\)
\(=\frac{1}{116}\left(29^2y^2-290y+29\right)=\frac{1}{116}\left[\left(29^2y^2-2.29y.5+25\right)+4\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{116}\left[\left(29y-5\right)^2+4\right]\ge\frac{4}{116}=\frac{1}{29}\)