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1. Giải phương trình: |2x-3|+|x-2|=7
|2x-3|+|x-2|=7
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3+x-2=7\\-2x+3-x+2=7\\-2x+3+x-2=7\\2x-3-x+2=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-5=7\\-3x+5=7\\-x+1=7\\x-1=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-\frac{2}{3}\\x=-8\\x=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(|2x-2|+|3-3x|=125\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(2x-2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(3-3x=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Lập bảng xét dấu :
Với \(x< 1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-2< 0\\3-3x>0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}|2x-2|=2-2x\\|3-3x|=3-3x\end{cases}}\left(2\right)}\)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta được :
\(\left(2-2x\right)+\left(3-3x\right)=125\)
\(2-2x+3-3x=125\)
\(-5x+5=125\)
\(-5x=120\)
\(x=-24\)( chọn )
Với \(x\ge1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x-2>0\\3-3x< 0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}|2x-2|=2x-2\\|3-3x|=3x-3\end{cases}\left(3\right)}\)
Thay (3) vào (1) ta được :
\(\left(2x-2\right)+\left(3x-3\right)=125\)
\(2x-2+3x-3=125\)
\(5x-5=125\)
\(5x=130\)
\(x=26\)9 (CHọn )
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-24;26\right\}\)
b) \(|x-2018|+|x-2019|=1\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(x-2018=0\Leftrightarrow x=2018\)
\(x-2019=0\Leftrightarrow x=2019\)
Lập bảng xét dấu :
+) Với \(x< 2018\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2018< 0\\x-2019< 0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}|x-2018|=2018-x\\|x-2019|=2019-x\end{cases}\left(2\right)}}\)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta được :
\(\left(2018-x\right)+\left(2019-x\right)=1\)
\(2018-x+2019-x=1\)
\(4037-2x=1\)
\(2x=4036\)
\(x=2018\)( Loại )
+) Với \(2018\le x< 2019\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2018>0\\x-2019< 0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}|x-2018|=x-2018\\|x-2019|=2019-x\end{cases}\left(3\right)}}\)
Thay (3) vào (1) ta được :
\(\left(x-2018\right)+\left(2019-x\right)=1\)
\(x-2018+2019-x=1\)
\(1=1\)( luôn đúng )
+) Với \(x\ge2019\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2018>0\\x-2019>0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}|x-2018|=x-2018\\|x-2019|=x-2019\end{cases}\left(4\right)}}\)
Thay (4) vào (1) ta được :
\(\left(x-2018\right)+\left(x-2019\right)=1\)
\(2x-4037=1\)
\(x=2019\)( Chọn )
Vậy \(2018\le x\le2019\)
Các đề bài trên khi chuyển vế đều bị mất đi x nên không có x thỏa mãn
Ta có A = \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2019}}\)(1)
=> 3A = \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\)(2)
Lấy (2) trừ (1) theo vế ta có :
3A - A = \(\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2018}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2019}}\right)\)
2A = \(1-\frac{1}{3^{2019}}\)
Khi đó : \(\left(2A+\frac{1}{3^{2019}}\right).x=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{2019}}+\frac{1}{3^{2019}}\right).x=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\frac{x+1}{2019}+\frac{x+2}{2018}+\frac{x+3}{2017}=\frac{x-1}{2021}+\frac{x-2}{2022}+\frac{x-3}{2023}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2018}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+3}{2017}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x-1}{2021}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-2}{2022}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-3}{2023}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1+2019}{2019}\right)+\left(\frac{x+2+2018}{2018}\right)+\left(\frac{x+3+2017}{2017}\right)=\left(\frac{x-1+2021}{2021}\right)+\left(\frac{x-2+2022}{2022}\right)+\left(\frac{x-3+2023}{2023}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}=\frac{x+2020}{2021}+\frac{x+2020}{2022}+\frac{x+2020}{2023}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}-\frac{x+2020}{2021}-\frac{x+2020}{2022}-\frac{x+2020}{2023}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2020\right)\left(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\right)=0\)
Vì \(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\ne0\)
=> x + 2020 = 0
=> x = -2020
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(\frac{x+1}{2019}+\frac{x+2}{2018}+\frac{x+3}{2017}=\frac{x-1}{2021}+\frac{x-2}{2022}+\frac{x-3}{2023}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{2018}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+3}{2017}+1\right)=\left(\frac{x-1}{2021}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-2}{2022}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x-3}{2023}+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x+1+2019}{2019}\right)+\left(\frac{x+2+2018}{2018}\right)+\left(\frac{x+3+2017}{2017}\right)=\left(\frac{x-1+2021}{2021}\right)+\left(\frac{x-2+2022}{2022}\right)+\left(\frac{x-3+2023}{2023}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}=\frac{x+2020}{2021}+\frac{x+2020}{2022}+\frac{x+2020}{2023}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2020}{2019}+\frac{x+2020}{2018}+\frac{x+2020}{2017}-\frac{x+2020}{2021}-\frac{x+2020}{2022}-\frac{x+2020}{2023}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2020\right)\left(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\right)=0\)
\(\text{Vì : }\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+2020=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2020\)
Vậy x=-2020