Cho \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2+1\).Gọi n là số nguyên dương nhỏ nhất mà \(\frac{f\left(2\right).f\left(4\right)......f\left(2n\right)}{f\left(1\right).f\left(3\right).....f\left(2n-1\right)}>2^{2013}\)
Tìm chữ số tận cùng của n
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\(f\left(n\right)=\dfrac{2n-1+2n+1+\sqrt{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}}{\sqrt{2n+1}+\sqrt{2n-1}}\\ f\left(n\right)=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2n+1}-\sqrt{2n-1}\right)\left(2n-1+2n+1+\sqrt{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\right)}{2n+1-2n+1}\\ f\left(n\right)=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2n+1}\right)^3-\left(\sqrt{2n+1}\right)^3}{2}=\dfrac{\left(2n+1\right)\sqrt{2n+1}-\left(2n-1\right)\sqrt{2n+1}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(1\right)+f\left(2\right)+...+f\left(40\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}-1\sqrt{1}+5\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{3}+...+81\sqrt{81}-79\sqrt{79}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{81\sqrt{81}-1\sqrt{1}}{2}=\dfrac{9^3-1}{2}=364\)
\(f\left(x\right)=\frac{x^2+2x+1-x^2}{x^2\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2-x^2}{x^2\left(x+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(1\right)+f\left(2\right)+....+f\left(x\right)=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-....-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2y\left(x+1\right)^3-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-19+x=\frac{x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2y\left(x+1\right)^3-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-19+x=\frac{2y\left(x+1\right)^3-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-20+\left(x+1\right)=\frac{x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
Dat:\(x+1=a\Rightarrow\frac{\left(2y+1\right)a^3-20a^2-1}{a^2}=\frac{a^2-1}{a^2}\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+1\right)a^3-20a^2-1=a^2-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+1\right)a^3-20a^2=a^2\Leftrightarrow\left(2ay+a\right)-20=1\left(coi:x=-1cophailanghiemko\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ay+a=21\Leftrightarrow a\left(2y+1\right)=21\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(2y+1\right)=21\)
\(3\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{9}\right]dx\le2\int\limits^1_0\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}f\left(x\right)dx\) (1)
Ta lại có:
\(3f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{3}\ge2\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}.f\left(x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{9}\right]\ge2\int\limits^1_0\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}.f\left(x\right)dx\) (2)
Từ (1); (2) \(\Rightarrow3\int\limits^1_0\left[f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)+\frac{1}{9}\right]dx=2\int\limits^1_0\sqrt{f'\left(x\right)}.f\left(x\right)dx\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(3f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3\int f'\left(x\right).f^2\left(x\right)dx=\int\frac{1}{3}dx\)
\(\Rightarrow f^3\left(x\right)=\frac{x}{3}+C\)
Thay \(x=0\Rightarrow f^3\left(0\right)=C\Rightarrow C=1\)
\(\Rightarrow f^3\left(x\right)=\frac{x}{3}+1\Rightarrow\int\limits^1_0f^3\left(x\right)dx=\int\limits^1_0\left(\frac{x}{3}+1\right)dx=\frac{7}{6}\)