Chứng minh tổng A=2+22+23+...+2118+2119+2120 chia hết cho 7
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Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=14+2^3\cdot14+...+2^{117}\cdot14\)
\(=14\cdot\left(1+2^3+...+2^{117}\right)⋮7\)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)+...+\left(2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=62+2^5\cdot62+...+2^{115}\cdot62\)
\(=62\cdot\left(1+2^5+...+2^{115}\right)⋮31\)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{120}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+\left(2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}+2^{11}+2^{12}\right)+...+\left(2^{115}+2^{116}+2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\)
\(=126+126\cdot2^6+...+126\cdot2^{114}\)
\(=126\cdot\left(1+2^6+...+2^{114}\right)⋮21\)
\(1,8^8+2^{20}=2^{24}+2^{20}=2^{20}\left(2^4+1\right)=2^{20}\cdot17⋮17\)
\(2,A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{119}\left(1+2\right)\\ A=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{119}\right)⋮3\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{118}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\left(2+...+2^{118}\right)=7\left(2+...+2^{118}\right)⋮7\\ A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{117}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\left(2+...+2^{117}\right)=15\left(2+...+2^{117}\right)⋮15\)
\(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{119}\\ =\left(1+2\right)+\left(2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}\right)\\ =\left(1+2\right)+2^2\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{118}\left(1+2\right)\\ =\left(1+2\right)\left(1+2^2+...+2^{118}\right)\\ =3\left(1+2^2+...+2^{118}\right)⋮3\\ \\ A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{119}\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+\left(2^{117}+2^{118}+2^{119}\right)\\ A=\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{117}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\\ =\left(1+2+2^2\right)\left(1+...+2^{117}\right)\\ =7.\left(1+...+2^{117}\right)⋮7\)
Còn các ý sau bạn tự làm theo cách này tiếp nha!
Đề sai, viết lại thành:
A= 21+22+23+24+...+259+260
Giải:
A=21+22+23+...............+259+260
A=(21+22+23)+...............+(258+259+260)
A=2.(1+2+22)+............+258.(1+2+22)
A=2.7+.......................+258.7
A=(2+24+..............+258).7 ⋮ 7(đpcm)
Sơ đồ con đường |
Lời giải chi tiết |
Bước 1. Phân tích sao cho tổng đó thành tích các thừa số trong đó có một thừa số chia hết cho 7. Bước 2. Áp dụng tính chất chia hết của một tích. |
Ta có: A = 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + … + 2 60 = 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 + 2 6 + … + 2 58 + 2 59 + 2 60 = 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 4 . 1 + 2 + 2 2 + … + 2 58 . 1 + 2 + 2 2 = 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 4 . 1 + 2 + 2 2 + … + 2 58 . 1 + 2 + 2 2 = 2 + 2 4 + … + 2 58 .7 ⇒ A ⋮ 7 |
\(A=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+\left(2^{118}+2^{119}+2^{120}\right)\\ A=2\left(1+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{118}\left(1+2^2+2^3\right)\\ A=\left(1+2^2+2^3\right)\left(2+...+2^{118}\right)\\ A=7\left(2+...+2^{118}\right)⋮7\)
\(A=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{118}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=2.7+2^4.7+...+2^{118}.7=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{118}\right)⋮7\)