Tìm GTNN của biểu thức
A = | \(\frac{1}{2}\). x + 3 | - 2020
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1. B = | x - 2018 | + | x - 2019 | + | x - 2020 |
= ( | x - 2018 | + | x - 2020 | ) + | x - 2019 |
= ( | x - 2018 | + | 2020 - x | ) + | x - 2019 |
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x-2018\right|+\left|2020-x\right|\ge\left|x-2018+2020-x\right|=2\\\left|x-2019\right|\ge0\end{cases}}\)=> B ≥ 2 ∀ x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2018\right)\left(2020-x\right)\ge0\\x-2019=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=2019\)
Vậy MinB = 2 <=> x = 2019
2. ĐKXĐ : x ≥ 0
Ta có : \(\sqrt{x}+3\ge3\forall x\ge0\)
=> \(\frac{2019}{\sqrt{x}+3}\le673\forall x\ge0\). Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 0 (tm)
Vậy MaxC = 673 <=> x = 0
Bài 2 :
\(A=4x^2-2.2x.2+4+1\)
\(=\left(2x-2\right)^2+1\)
Thấy : \(\left(2x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(A=\left(2x-2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy \(MinA=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(B=\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.1+1-4\)
\(=\left(5x-1\right)^2-4\)
Thấy : \(\left(5x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(5x-1\right)^2-4\ge-4\)
Vậy \(MinB=-4\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(C=\left(7x\right)^2-2.7x.2+4-5\)
\(=\left(7x-2\right)^2-5\)
Thấy : \(\left(7x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(7x-2\right)^2-5\ge-5\)
Vậy \(MinC=-5\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}\)
\(1.\)
\(A=-x^2-10x+1=-\left(x^2+10x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2.5x+5^2-5^2-1\right)=-\left[\left(x+5\right)^2-26\right]\)
\(=-\left(x+5\right)^2+26\le26\) dấu "=" xảy ra<=>x=-5
\(B=-4x^2-6x-5=-4\left(x^2+\dfrac{6}{4}x+\dfrac{5}{4}\right)\)
\(=-4\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}+\dfrac{11}{16}\right)\)\(=-4\left[\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{6}\right]\le-\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(C=-16x^2+8x-1=-16\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=-16\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)=-16\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\le0\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=1/4
a,\(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)=\left(x^2+6x+5\right)\left(x^2+6x+8\right)\)
đặt \(x^2+6x+5=t=>t\left(t+3\right)=t^2+3t=t^2+2.\dfrac{3}{2}t+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(=\left(t+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\ge-\dfrac{9}{4}< =>t=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(=>A\)\(=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(-\dfrac{3}{2}+3\right)=-2,25\)
Vậy Min A\(=-2,25\)
b,\(B=-x^2-4x-9y^2-6y-6\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-\left(3y\right)^2-2.3y-1-1\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(3y+1\right)^2-1\le-1\)
dấu"=' xảy ra\(< =>x=-2,y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
a.
$(x+1)(x+2)(x+4)(x+5)=(x+1)(x+5)(x+2)(x+4)=(x^2+6x+5)(x^2+6x+8)$
$=a(a+3)$ với $a=x^2+6x+5$
$=a^2+3a=(a^2+3a+\frac{9}{4})-\frac{9}{4}$
$=(a+\frac{3}{2})^2-\frac{9}{4}$
$=(x^2+6x+\frac{13}{2})^2-\frac{9}{4}\geq \frac{-9}{4}$
Vậy gtnn của biểu thức là $\frac{-9}{4}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x^2+6x+\frac{13}{2}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-6\pm \sqrt{10}}{2}$
C với D mình làm sau vì nó phức tạp hơn ... E với F trước nhé
E = | 3x + 1 | + 2| x - y | + 1
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|3x+1\right|\ge0\\2\left|x-y\right|\ge0\end{cases}\forall}x,y\Rightarrow\left|3x+1\right|+2\left|x-y\right|+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}3x+1=0\\x-y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\frac{1}{3}\)
=> MinE = 1 <=> x = y = -1/3
F = 5| x - 1 | + 1/2| 2x + y | + 2020
\(\hept{\begin{cases}5\left|x-1\right|\ge0\\\frac{1}{2}\left|2x+y\right|\ge0\end{cases}\forall}x,y\Rightarrow5\left|x-1\right|+\frac{1}{2}\left|2x+y\right|+2020\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\2x+y=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
=> MinF = 2020 <=> x = 1 ; y = -2
C = 2| x - 1 | + | 2x + 3 | - 2020
= | 2x - 2 | + | 2x + 3 | - 2020
= | 2x - 2 | + | -( 2x + 3 ) | - 2020
= | 2x - 2 | + | -2x - 3 | - 2020
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức | a | + | b | ≥ | a + b | ta có :
C = | 2x - 2 | + | -2x - 3 | - 2020 ≥ | 2x - 2 - 2x - 3 | - 2020 = | -5 | - 2020 = 5 - 2020 = -2015
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi ab ≥ 0
=> ( 2x - 2 )( -2x - 3 ) ≥ 0
Xét hai trường hợp :
1. \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-2\ge0\\-2x-3\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x\ge2\\-2x\ge3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\x\le-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)( loại )
2. \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-2\le0\\-2x-3\le0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x\le2\\-2x\le3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le1\\x\ge-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le1\)
=> MinC = -2015 <=> \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le1\)
D = | 3 - 2x | + 2| 1 - x | + 1/2
= | 3 - 2x | + | 2 - 2x | + 1/2
= | -( 3 - 2x ) | + | 2 - 2x | + 1/2
= | 2x - 3 | + | 2 - 2x | + 1/2
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức | a | + | b | ≥ | a + b | ta có :
D = | 2x - 3 | + | 2 - 2x | + 1/2 ≥ | 2x - 3 + 2 - 2x | + 1/2 = | -1 | + 1/2 = 1 + 1/2 = 3/2
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi ab ≥ 0
=> ( 2x - 3 )( 2 - 2x ) ≥ 0
Xét hai trường hợp :
1. \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-3\ge0\\2-2x\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x\ge3\\-2x\ge-2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge\frac{3}{2}\\x\le1\end{cases}}\)( loại )
2. \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-3\le0\\2-2x\le0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x\le3\\-2x\le-2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le\frac{3}{2}\\x\ge1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)
=> MinD = 3/2 <=> \(1\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Lời giải:
ĐKXĐ: $x>0$
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si: $x+9\geq 2\sqrt{9x}=6\sqrt{x}$
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{x+9}{6\sqrt{x}}=\frac{6\sqrt{x}}{6\sqrt{x}}=1$
Vậy $A_{\min}=1$ khi $x=9$
By Titu's Lemma we easy have:
\(D=\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+\frac{4}{x+y}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{17}{4}\)
Mk xin b2 nha!
\(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}+4xy=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}+4xy\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+\left(4xy+\frac{1}{4xy}\right)+\frac{1}{4xy}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{4xy.\frac{1}{4xy}}+\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{1^2}+2+\frac{1}{1^2}=4+2+1=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2+2016}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(t-1\right)^2+2016}{t^2}=\frac{t^2-2t+2017}{t^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{2}{t}+\frac{2017}{t^2}=1-2a+2017a^2=2017\left(a^2-2.\frac{1}{4034}+\frac{1}{4034}^2\right)-\frac{2017}{4034^2}+1\)
\(=2017\left(a-\frac{1}{4034}\right)^2+1-\frac{1}{2017^3}\ge1-\frac{1}{2017^3}\)
tự xét dấu =
\(B=\frac{\left(x-2\right)^2+2016}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(t-1\right)^2+2016}{1^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{t^2-2t+2017}{t^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{2}{t}+\frac{2017}{t^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2a+2017a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2\times[\frac{1}{4034}+\frac{1^2}{4034}]-\frac{2017}{4034^2}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2017\left(a-\frac{1}{4034}\right)^2+1-\frac{1}{2017}^3\)
phần cuối tự làm nha
Ta có: \(\left|\frac{1}{2}x+3\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left|\frac{1}{2}x+3\right|-2020\ge-2020\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{1}{2}x+3=0\)
\(\frac{1}{2}x=-3\)
\(x=-6\)
Vậy GTNN của A là -2020 tại x = -6.
\(A=\left|\frac{1}{2}x+3\right|-2020\ge-2020\)
Min A = -2020
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-6\)
Vậy ........