\(A=\frac{3}{1^2x2^2}+\frac{5}{2^2x3^2}+\frac{7}{3^2x4^2}+......+\frac{39}{19^2x20^2}\)
Tính A
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a) Đặt \(A=\frac{1^2}{1.2}+\frac{2^2}{2.3}+.........+\frac{100^2}{100.101}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(1^2+2^2+..........+100^2\right)\)\(.\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+....+\frac{1}{100.101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(1^2+2^2+......+100^2\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(1^2+2^2+......+100^2\right).\left(1-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(1^2+2^2+.....+100^2\right).\left(\frac{100}{101}\right)\)(a)
Đặt \(M=\left(1^2+2^2+........+100^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1.1+2.2+.....+100.100\)
\(\Rightarrow M=1.\left(2-1\right)+2.\left(3-1\right)+....+100.\left(101-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(1.2-1\right)+\left(2.3-2\right)+.....+\left(100.101-100\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(1.2+2.3+.....+100.101\right)-\left(1+2+......+100\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(1.2+2.3+......+100.101\right)-5050\)(1)
Đặt \(N=1.2+2.3+....+100.101\)
\(\Rightarrow3.N=1.2.3+2.3.3+......+100.101.3\)
\(\Rightarrow3N=1.2.\left(3-0\right)+2.3.\left(4-1\right)+......+100.101.\left(102-99\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3N=\left(1.2.3-0\right)+\left(1.2.3-2.3.4\right)+.......+\left(100.101.102-100.101.99\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3N=100.101.102-0\)
\(\Rightarrow N=343400\)
Thay N = 343400 vào 1) ta được:
M = 343400 - 5050
=> M = 338350
Thay M = 338350 Vào (a) ta được:
A = 338350 . \(\frac{100}{101}\)
=> \(A=\frac{33835000}{101}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1^2}{1.2}+\frac{2^2}{2.3}+.........+\frac{100^2}{100.101}=\frac{33835000}{101}=335000\)
b) Đặt \(B=\frac{2^2}{1.3}+\frac{3^2}{2.4}+..........+\frac{59^2}{58.60}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(2^2+3^2+........+59^2\right).\left(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+.....+\frac{1}{58.60}\right)\)
Đặt \(G=2^2+3^2+.........+59^2\)VÀ \(H=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+.........+\frac{1}{58.60}\)
\(\Rightarrow G=2.2+3.3+.......+59.59\) VÀ \(2.H=\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+......+\frac{2}{58.60}\)
Rồi bạn làm như ở phần a) ý
B = \(\frac{3^2}{2.4}+\frac{3^2}{4.6}+\frac{3^2}{6.8}+...+\frac{3^2}{198.200}\)
B = \(\frac{3^2}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{3^2}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}\right)+\frac{3^2}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{8}\right)+...+\frac{3^2}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{198}-\frac{1}{200}\right)\)
B = \(\frac{3^2}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{8}+...+\frac{1}{198}-\frac{1}{200}\right)\)
B = \(\frac{9}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{200}\right)\)
B = \(\frac{9}{2}.\frac{99}{200}\)
B = \(\frac{891}{400}\)
D = 1 x 2 + 2 x 3 + 3 x 4 + 4 x 5 + ... + 48 x 49
3D = 1 x 2 x 3 + 2 x 3 x 3 + 3 x 4 x 3 + 4 x 5 x 3 + ... + 48 x 49 x 3
3D = 1 x 2 x 3 + 2 x 3 x ( 4 - 1 ) + 3 x 4 x ( 5 - 2 ) + 4 x 5 x ( 6 - 3 ) + ... + 48 x 49 x ( 50 - 47 )
3D = 1 x 2 x 3 + 2 x 3 x 4 - 1 x 2 x 3 + 3 x 4 x 5 - 2 x 3 x 4 + 4 x 5 x 6 - 3 x 4 x 5 + ... + 48 x 49 x 50 - 47 x 48 x 49
3D = 48 x 49 x 50
D = ( 48 x 49 x 50 ) : 3
D = 39200
E = 12 + 22 + 32 + ... + 482
E = 1 x 1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x 3 + ... + 48 x 48
E = 1 x ( 2 - 1 ) + 2 x ( 3 - 1 ) + 3 x ( 4 - 1 ) + ... + 48 x ( 49 - 1 )
E = 1 x 2 - 1 + 2 x 3 - 2 + 3 x 4 - 3 + ... + 48 x 49 - 49
E = ( 1 x 2 + 2 x 3 + 3 x 4 + ... + 48 x 49 ) - ( 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 49 )
Ta tính được vế trong ngoặc thứ nhất là 39200 , còn vế trong ngoặc thứ hai là 1225
thay vào ta được :
E = 39200 - 1225
E = 37975
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
b) \(\frac{\frac{-6}{5}+\frac{6}{19}-\frac{6}{23}}{\frac{9}{5}-\frac{9}{19}+\frac{9}{23}}=\frac{\left(-6\right).\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}{9.\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}=\frac{-6}{9}=\frac{-2}{3}\)
d) \(\frac{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{5}-\frac{2}{7}+\frac{2}{11}}{\frac{13}{3}-\frac{13}{5}-\frac{13}{7}+\frac{13}{11}}=\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{11}\right)}{13\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+\frac{1}{11}\right)}=\frac{2}{13}\)
Làm tiếp:
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+.....+\frac{1}{2017}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+....+\frac{1}{1008}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1009}+\frac{1}{1010}+.........+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\frac{1}{1009}+....+\frac{1}{2017}}{1-\frac{1}{2}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}}=1\)
Bài 2:
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{800}}\)
\(4A=1+\frac{1}{2^2}+.....+\frac{1}{2^{798}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A-A=1-\frac{1}{2^{800}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1-\frac{1}{2^{800}}< 1\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^4}+........+\frac{1}{2^{800}}< \frac{1}{3}\)
Bài 1:Tính
a, Xét biểu thức \(\frac{\left(1+\frac{n}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n}{2}\right).........\left(1+\frac{n}{n+2}\right)}{\left(1+\frac{n+2}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n+2}{2}\right)..........\left(1+\frac{n+2}{n}\right)}\) với\(n\in N\)
Ta có:\(\frac{\left(1+\frac{n}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n}{2}\right).......\left(1+\frac{n}{n+2}\right)}{\left(1+\frac{n+2}{1}\right)\left(1+\frac{n+2}{2}\right)......\left(1+\frac{n+2}{n}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{n+2}{2}........\frac{2n+2}{n+2}}{\frac{n+3}{1}.\frac{n+4}{2}.........\frac{2n+2}{n}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right).......\left(2n+2\right)}{1.2.3.........\left(n+2\right)}}{\frac{\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)........\left(2n+2\right)}{1.2.3.........n}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right).......\left(2n+2\right).1.2.3.......n}{\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)........\left(2n+2\right).1.2.3......\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}=1\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có đáp số là:1
b, \(\frac{\frac{-6}{5}+\frac{6}{19}-\frac{6}{23}}{\frac{9}{5}-\frac{9}{19}+\frac{9}{23}}=\frac{\left(-6\right).\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}{9.\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{23}\right)}=\frac{-6}{9}=-\frac{2}{3}\)
c,\(\frac{\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{39}+\frac{1}{51}}{\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{52}+\frac{1}{68}}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{17}\right)}{\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{17}\right)}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{4}}=12\)
d,\(\frac{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{2}{5}-\frac{2}{7}}{\frac{13}{3}-\frac{13}{5}-\frac{13}{7}}=\frac{2\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}\right)}{13\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}\right)}=\frac{2}{13}\)
e,Xét mẫu số ta có:
\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+..........+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{2}-2.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}-2.\frac{1}{4}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}-2.\frac{1}{2016}+\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.......+\frac{1}{2017}\right)-2.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+.........+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)
\(a.\frac{108}{119}.\frac{107}{211}+\frac{108}{119}.\frac{104}{211}=\frac{108}{119}.\left(\frac{107}{211}+\frac{104}{211}\right)=\frac{108}{119}.1=108\)
\(A=\frac{3}{1^2.2^2}+\frac{5}{2^2.3^2}+...+\frac{39}{19^2.20^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{19^2}-\frac{1}{20^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{20^2}\)
\(=\frac{399}{400}\)