Rút gọn các căn bậc hai sau
\(\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{129}{16}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{8}}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{289+4\sqrt{72}}{16}}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\sqrt{4+\sqrt{15}}\)
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\(\sqrt{\frac{289+4\sqrt{72}}{16}}+\sqrt{\frac{129}{16}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{288+2\times12\sqrt{2}+1}{4^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{128+2\sqrt{12}+1}{4^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(\sqrt{288}+1\right)^2}{4^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{\left(\sqrt{128}+1\right)^2}{4^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{288}+1}{4}+\frac{\sqrt{128}+1}{4}\)
\(=\frac{12\sqrt{2}+8\sqrt{2}+2}{4}\)
\(=\frac{1+10\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2-2.\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4}}.\sqrt{8-2.2\sqrt{2}.\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{16}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2}\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{4}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(2\sqrt{2}-\frac{1}{4}\right)=\frac{33-10\sqrt{2}}{8}\)
\(\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2}+1}.4\sqrt{\frac{288+2\sqrt{288}+1}{16}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}.4\sqrt{\frac{\left(12\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}{4^2}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(12\sqrt{2}+1\right)=25+13\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{25-2.5\sqrt{3}+3}=\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=5-\sqrt{3}\)
1. Đặt A =\(\sqrt{\frac{129}{16}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\sqrt{16}\)A = \(\sqrt{129+16\sqrt{2}}\)
4A = \(\sqrt{\left(8\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}\)
4A = \(8\sqrt{2}+1\)
⇒ A = \(\frac{\text{}8\sqrt{2}+1}{4}\)= \(2\sqrt{2}\) + \(\frac{1}{4}\)
2. Đặt B = \(\sqrt{\frac{289+4\sqrt{72}}{16}}\)
\(\sqrt{16}\)B = \(\sqrt{289+24\sqrt{2}}\)
4B = \(\sqrt{\left(12\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}\)
4B = \(12\sqrt{2}+1\)
⇒ B = \(\frac{12\sqrt{2}+1}{4}\)= \(3\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4}\)
3. \(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\). \(\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)\)
= \(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\). \(\sqrt{2}.\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
= \(\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\) . \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
= \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\) . \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\). \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\) - 12
= 3 - 1
= 2
4. \(\left(\sqrt{21}+7\right)\). \(\sqrt{10-2\sqrt{21}}\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{21}+7\right)\) . \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
= \(\sqrt{7}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
= \(\sqrt{7}\) \(\left[\left(\sqrt{7}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\right]\)
= \(\sqrt{7}\) . (7 - 3)
= 4\(\sqrt{7}\)
5. \(2.\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\). \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}\)
= \(2.\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\) . \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5}-1}\)
= \(2.\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\) . \(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\) . \(\sqrt{12+4\sqrt{5}}\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{2}\right)\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{10}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
= 10 - 2
= 8
6. \(\left(4\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{30}\right)\). \(\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\). \(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\)
= \(\sqrt{2}\)\(\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\) . \(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\)
= \(\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\) . \(\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}\)
= \(\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)\)
= \(\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)\) . \(\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
= \(\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)\). \(\left(8-2\sqrt{15}\right)\)
= 32 - \(8\sqrt{15}\) + \(8\sqrt{15}\) - 30
= 2
7. \(\left(7-\sqrt{14}\right)\) . \(\sqrt{9-2\sqrt{14}}\)
= \(\sqrt{7}\) \(\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)\). \(\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
= \(\sqrt{7}\). \(\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
= \(\sqrt{7}\) . \(\left(9-2\sqrt{14}\right)\)
= 9\(\sqrt{7}\) - 14\(\sqrt{2}\)
TICK MÌNH NHA!
\(b,\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{1-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}+\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{2+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}+\frac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{4+4\sqrt{3}+3+4-4\sqrt{3}+3}{4-3}\)
\(=14\)
\(a,\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+\sqrt{16}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+4+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}.2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(=1+\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(=1+\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{9-4\sqrt{2}}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}-1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{129+16\sqrt{2}}{16}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(8\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}{16}}=\frac{8\sqrt{2}+1}{4}\)
\(\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=\sqrt{2}+1\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{289+4\sqrt{72}}{16}}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(12\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}}{4}=\frac{12\sqrt{2}+1}{4}\)
\(\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\)