Cho x là số thực thỏa mãn \(\frac{x}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{1}{2}\). Tính \(P=\frac{x^4-3x^3+18x-1}{x^3-2x^2+7x+1}\)
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Câu 1:
\(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}+2\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{8}+2+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}\)
Ta lại có: \(1=x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Leftrightarrow1\ge16x^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{17}{8}+\frac{255}{16}=\frac{289}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
Áp dụng BDT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\ge\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}\)
CMTT rồi cộng vế với vế ta có.\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\cdot4\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
\(ĐKXĐ:\)\(x\ne\left\{0;1;2;3;4;5\right\}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{x^2-x}+\frac{1}{x^2-3x+2}+\frac{1}{x^2-5x+6}+\frac{1}{x^2-7x+12}+\frac{1}{x^2-9x+20}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x-2}-\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{1}{x-3}-\frac{1}{x-2}+\frac{1}{x-4}-\frac{1}{x-3}+\frac{1}{x-5}-\frac{1}{x-4}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x-5}-\frac{1}{x}\)
\(=\frac{5}{x\left(x-5\right)}\)
Ta có: \(x^3-x^2+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+2\right)=0\)
Xét: \(x^2-2x+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+1\)\(>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=-1\)(t/m)
Vậy tại \(x=-1\) thì:
\(P=\frac{5}{-1\left(-1-5\right)}=\frac{5}{6}\)
ĐKXĐ \(x\ne0,1,2,3,4,5\)
\(P=\frac{1}{x\left(x-1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{x-1}-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x-2}-\frac{1}{x-1}+...+\frac{1}{x-5}-\frac{1}{x-4}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{x-5}-\frac{1}{x}\)
\(P=\frac{5}{x\left(x-5\right)}\)
a/ \(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=\left(xy-\frac{1}{xy}\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Suy ra Min M = 4 . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
b/ Đề đúng phải là \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(6=\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\ge\frac{9}{8\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge\frac{9}{8.\frac{3}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{x}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+1=0\)
\(P=\frac{x^2\left(x^2-3x+1\right)-\left(x^2-3x+1\right)+15x}{x\left(x^2-3x+1\right)+\left(x^2-3x+1\right)+9x}\)
\(=\frac{0-0+15x}{0+0+9x}=\frac{5}{5}\)