Giá trị của biểu thức P=\(\dfrac{ab+c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\dfrac{bc+a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\dfrac{ab+c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\) khi a+b+c=1 và \(a\ne-b,b\ne-c,c\ne-a\) là:
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\(a+b+c=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ab+c=ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)\\bc+a=bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)\\ca+b=ca+b\left(a+b+c\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ab+c=ab+ca+bc+c^2\\bc+a=bc+a^2+ab+ac\\ca+b=ca+ab+b^2+bc\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ab+c=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\\bc+a=\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\\ca+b=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(c+a\right)^2}=1\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b-c=c\Rightarrow a+b=2c\\ \dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=1\Rightarrow b+c-a=a\Rightarrow b+c=2a\\ \dfrac{c+a-b}{b}=1\Rightarrow c+a-b=b\Rightarrow c+a=2b\)
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\\ =\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{2c.2b.2a}{abc}\\ =\dfrac{8abc}{abc}\\ =8\)
d: Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{3c^2+5a^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=\dfrac{3\cdot\left(dk\right)^2+5\cdot\left(bk\right)^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{\left(dk\right)^2}{d^2}=k^2\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3c^2+5a^2}{3d^2+5b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}\)
\(P=\frac{ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)^2}.\frac{ca+b\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}=1\)
\(abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(3-2a\right)\left(3-2b\right)\left(3-2c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9abc\ge12\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-27\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{9}{a\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+ca+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{ab+bc+ca}+\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{3+abc}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+\dfrac{4}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Lời giải:
Thay $1=a+b+c$ ta có:
\(ab+c=ab+c.1=ab+c(a+b+c)=(ab+ca)+c(b+c)=(c+a)(c+b)\)
\(bc+a=bc+a(a+b+c)=(bc+ab)+a(a+c)=b(a+c)+a(a+c)=(a+b)(a+c)\)
\(ca+b=ca+b(a+b+c)=(ca+ba)+b(b+c)=a(c+b)+b(b+c)=(b+a)(b+c)\)
Do đó:
\(P=\frac{ab+c}{(a+b)^2}.\frac{bc+a}{(b+c)^2}.\frac{ac+b}{(a+c)^2}=\frac{(ab+c)(bc+a)(ca+b)}{(a+b)^2(b+c)^2(c+a)^2}\)
\(=\frac{(c+a)(c+b)(a+b)(a+c)(b+c)(b+a)}{(a+b)^2(b+c)^2(c+a)^2}=\frac{(a+b)^2(b+c)^2(c+a)^2}{(a+b)^2(b+c)^2(c+a)^2}=1\)
Sai rồ kết quả là \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) cơ nhưng mk không biết làm