Cho 2(b^2+bc+c^2)=3(3-a^2).Tìm GTNN, LN của T=a+b+c
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Ta có: \(2\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)=2b^2+2c^2+2bc\le2b^2+2c^2+b^2+c^2=3\left(b^2+c^2\right)\Rightarrow b^2+c^2\le3-a^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le3\Rightarrow a+b+c\le\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=3\).
Áp dụng bđt Schwars ta có:
\(T\ge a+b+c+\dfrac{18}{a+b+c}=\left(a+b+c+\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\right)+\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\ge2\sqrt{9}+\dfrac{9}{3}=9\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
\(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+bc}=a-\dfrac{abc}{a^2+bc}\ge a-\dfrac{abc}{2a\sqrt{bc}}=a-\dfrac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+ca}\ge b-\dfrac{\sqrt{ac}}{2};\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+ab}\ge c-\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge a+b+c-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\right)=2022-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}\right)\)
\(do:\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\le a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge2022-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=2022-\dfrac{2022}{2}=1011\)
\(min_M=2021\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=674\)
có đoạn bạn sửa lại tí nhé tại lúc đầu mình đọc đề thành \(a+b+c=2022\)
\(M\ge a+b+c-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{2}\right)\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\dfrac{2022}{2}=1011\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{2}}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{b^2+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{2}}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{a^2+c^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+b^2+c^2}\right)\)
Đặt \(\left(a^2+b^2;b^2+c^2;a^2+c^2\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}+2\left(\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{yz+xy}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\right)\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xy+yz+zx}=3+\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+1}{a+b+c-abc}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+1}{a+b+c-abc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge a+b+c+\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\) (1)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+c+b}{a+c}\right)\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\left(3+\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\left(3+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\right)\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\left(3+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2}\right)=\dfrac{3}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow3P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\) (2)
Cộng vế (1) và (2):
\(\Rightarrow4P\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{10}{a+b+c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{50\left(a+b+c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}}=10\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;1;0\right)\) và các hoán vị
Bài 1:
$a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ac$
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0$
Vì $(a-b)^2, (b-c)^2, (c-a)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $a,b,c$
Do đó để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì $a-b=b-c=c-a=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a=b=c$
Mà $a+b+c=3$ nên $a=b=c=1$
$\Rightarrow Q=(1+1)^2+(1+2)^3+(1+3)^3=95$
Đặt a + b + c = t \(\left(3\ge t\ge\sqrt{3}\right)\).
Ta có \(P=\dfrac{t^2-3}{2}+3t=\dfrac{t^2+6t-3}{2}=\dfrac{\left(t-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(t+6+\sqrt{3}\right)+6\sqrt{3}}{2}\ge3\sqrt{3}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 0, b = \(\sqrt{3}\), c = 0.