Cho x, y, z thỏa mãn \(\frac{x}{1998}=\frac{y}{1999}=\frac{z}{2000}\). Chứng minh \(\left(x-z\right)^3=8\left(x-y\right)^z\left(y-z\right)\)
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ĐẶT\(\frac{x}{1998}=\frac{y}{1999}=\frac{z}{2000}=k\Rightarrow x=1998k,y=1999k,z=2000k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-z\right)^3=\left(1998k-2000k\right)^3=\left(-2k\right)^3=-8k^3\)
\(8.\left(x-y\right)^2.\left(y-z\right)=8.\left(1998k-1999k\right)^2.\left(1999k-2000k\right)=-8k^3\)
=> đpcm
Đặt \(\frac{x}{2012}=\frac{y}{2013}=\frac{z}{2014}=k\)=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2012k\\y=2013k\\z=2014k\end{cases}}\)
khi đó, ta có: (x - z)3 = (2012k - 2014k)3 = (-2k)3 = -8k3
8(x - y)2(y - z) = 8(2012k - 2013k)2(2013 - 2014k) = 8(-k)2.(-k) = -8k3
=> (x - z)3 = 8(x - y)2(y - z)
\(\frac{1}{x^3\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{y^3\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{1}{z^3\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{x^2y^2}{z\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
tôi đã thử lòng các bạn nhưng ko có ai trả lời thì tớ giải cho nhé.
bài làm: Đặt \(\frac{x}{1998}=\frac{y}{1999}=\frac{z}{2000}=k\Rightarrow\)x =1998k ; y =1999k ; z =2000k
ta có : \(\left(x-z\right)^3=\left(1999k-2000k\right)^3\) = \(\left[k\cdot\left(1999-2000\right)\right]^3\)= \(k^3\cdot\left(-8\right)\) (1)
\(8\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\cdot\left(y-z\right)\) = \(8\cdot\left(1998k-1999k\right)^2\cdot\left(1999k-2000k\right)\)
= \(8\cdot\left[k\cdot\left(1999-2000\right)\right]^2\cdot\left[k\cdot\left(1999-2000\right)\right]\)
= \(8\cdot k^2\cdot1\cdot k\cdot\left(-1\right)=k^3\cdot\left(-8\right)\) (2)
từ (1)và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-z\right)^3=8\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\cdot\left(y-z\right)\)
\(Q=\frac{x^3}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}+\frac{y^3}{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\frac{y^3}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\frac{z^3}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^3\left(y-z\right)-y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)(1)
Ta có:
\(x^3\left(y-z\right)-y^3\left(x-z\right)+z^3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(y-z\right)-y^3\left(y-z\right)-y^3\left(x-y\right)+z^3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x^3-y^3\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(y^3-z^3\right)\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(y^2+yz+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2-y^2-yz-z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x^2+xy-yz-z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left[\left(x-z\right)\left(x+z\right)+y\left(x-z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=1000\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2), ta có Q = 1000
Ta có
\(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+2z\right)}+\frac{y+z}{12}+\frac{y+2z}{18}\ge\frac{3x}{6}=\frac{x}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+2z\right)}\ge-\frac{y+z}{12}-\frac{y+2z}{18}+\frac{x}{2}=\frac{18x-7z-5y}{36}\)
Tương tự ta có
\(\frac{y^3}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+2x\right)}\ge\frac{18y-7x-5z}{36}\)
\(\frac{z^3}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\ge\frac{18z-7y-5x}{36}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được
\(A\ge\frac{18x-7z-5y}{36}+\frac{18y-7x-5z}{36}+\frac{18z-7y-5x}{36}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{6}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{6}=\frac{3.2}{6}=1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2
Ta có:
\(1+x^2=xy+yz+zx+x^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(1+y^2=xy+yz+xz+y^2=\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(1+z^2=xy+yz+xz+z^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Thay vào A được:
\(P=x\sqrt{\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+y\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\)\(+z\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(=x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(=x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=xy+xz+xy+yz+xz+zy\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(=2\)(do xy+yz+xz=1)
=>Đpcm
Dạng toán này rất nhiều bạn hỏi rồi: thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\) vào các căn thức rồi phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử.