cho a,b,c là các số thực dương
cmr \(\dfrac{a^5}{bc}+\dfrac{b^5}{ca}+\dfrac{c^5}{ab}\ge a^3+b^3+c^3\)
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Lời giải ở đây: https://hoc24.vn/hoi-dap/question/486195.html
\(\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{b+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{c+2}-1\ge2-3\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+2a+b^2+2b+c^2+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
Phía trên thoả mãn \(\ge1\) chứ không phải 3/2 đâu ạ
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi:
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{b^2+ab}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+ab\right)}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2b\left(a+b\right)}}\ge\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{\dfrac{2b+a+b}{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}a}{a+3b}\)
Cmtt: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{c^2+bc}}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}b}{b+3c};\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{a^2+ca}}\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}c}{c+3a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+3b}+\dfrac{b}{b+3c}+\dfrac{c}{c+3a}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{a+3b}+\dfrac{b}{b+3c}+\dfrac{c}{c+3a}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{\sqrt{2}}\ge\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{y}{x};\dfrac{z}{y};\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{y}{x}\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{z}{y}\left(\dfrac{x}{z}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{x}{z}\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+1\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_ Schwarz ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^6}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2}+\frac{b^6}{b^3+b^2c+bc^2}+\frac{c^6}{c^3+c^2a+ca^2}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{a^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^3+b^2c+bc^2+c^3+c^2a+ca^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(a+c)}\) (I)
Áp dụng BĐT Am-Gm ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+a^3+b^3\geq 3a^2b\\ b^3+b^3+c^3\geq 3b^2c\\ c^3+c^3+a^3\geq 3c^2a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq 3(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\geq a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\) (1)
Tương tự:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+b^3+b^3\geq 3ab^2\\ b^3+c^3+c^3\geq 3bc^2\\ c^3+a^3+a^3\geq 3ca^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq 3(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\geq ab^2+bc^2+ca^2(2)\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)\geq ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(c+a)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(c+a)\leq 3(a^3+b^3+c^3)\) (II)
Từ \((I);(II)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3+ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ac(a+c)}\geq \frac{(a^3+b^3+c^3)^2}{3(a^3+b^3+c^3)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau cho các số dương:
\(x^5+y^5\ge xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5-x^4y+y^5-xy^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-y^4\right)\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge0\) (đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{a^5+b^5}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{ab\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{a+b}=a^2-ab+b^2\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(VT\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=2-\left(ab+ca+ca\right)\)
\(VT\ge4-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\)
\(VT\ge4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-2\) (đpcm)
1) Áp dụng bất đẳng Bunyakovsky dạng cộng mẫu ta có:
\(\frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ca}+\frac{c^5}{ab}=\frac{a^6}{abc}+\frac{b^6}{abc}+\frac{c^6}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{3abc}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{3abc}\ge\frac{3abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{3abc}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
(Cauchy 3 số) Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c
2) Áp dụng kết quả phần 1 ta có:
\(\frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ca}+\frac{c^5}{ab}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{3abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^2+c^3\right)^2}{3\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{3}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Shwarz dạng Engel và AM - GM có:
\(\dfrac{a^5}{bc}+\dfrac{b^5}{ca}+\dfrac{c^5}{ab}=\dfrac{a^6}{abc}+\dfrac{b^6}{abc}+\dfrac{c^6}{abc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{3abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Dấu " = " khi a = b = c = 1
Vậy...
Lời giải khác:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{a^5}{bc}+abc\geq 2\sqrt{a^6}=2a^3\\ \frac{b^5}{ac}+abc\geq 2\sqrt{b^6}=2b^3\\ \frac{c^5}{ab}+abc\geq 2\sqrt{c^6}=2c^3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ac}+\frac{c^5}{ab}\geq 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)-3abc\)
Mặt khác, cũng theo BĐT AM-GM:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\geq 3abc\Rightarrow 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)-3abc\geq a^3+b^3+c^3\)
Kéo theo \(\frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ac}+\frac{c^5}{ab}\geq a^3+b^3+c^3\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)