a) Cho \(A\left(-1;8\right);B\left(1;6\right);C\left(3;4\right)\). Chứng minh ba điểm A, B, C thẳng hàng ?
b) Cho \(A\left(1;1\right);B\left(3;2\right)\) và \(C\left(m+4;2m+1\right)\). Tìm m để 3 điểm A. B. C thẳng hàng ?
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= \(1:\frac{1+\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{a}}.\frac{a+1-2\sqrt{a}}{\left(a+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
=\(1:\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
=\(\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}\)
=\(1\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+a\right)\left(a+b+c+b\right)\left(a+b+c+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}.2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}.2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
a) Điều kiện : \(a\ne-b;b\ne1;a\ne-1\)
\(P=\frac{a^2\left(1+a\right)-b^2\left(1-b\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^3+a^2+b^3-b^2-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)-a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2+a-b-a^2b^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2+b^2-a^2b^2+a-b-ab}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2\left(1-b^2\right)-\left(1-b^2\right)+a\left(1-b\right)+\left(1-b\right)}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(1-b\right)\left(a^2+a^2b-1-b+a+1\right)}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1+a\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{a^2+a^2b+a-b}{1+a}\)
\(P=\frac{a\left(a+1\right)+b\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)}{1+a}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+1\right)\left(a+ab-b\right)}{1+a}\)
P = a + ab - b
b)
P = 3
<=> a + ab - b = 3
<=> a(b+1) - (b+1) +1 - 3 = 0
<=> (b+1)(a-1) = 2
Ta có bảng sau với a, b nguyên
b+1 | 1 | 2 | -1 | -2 |
a-1 | 2 | 1 | -2 | -1 |
b | 0 | 1 | -2 | -3 |
a | 3 | 2 | -1 | 0 |
so với đk | loại | loại |
Vậy (a;b) \(\in\){ (3; 0) ; (0; -3)}
A=\(\left[\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(a+\sqrt{a}\right)}{\left(a-1\right)}\right]\)::::::::\(\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{a-1}\right)\)
=\(\left[\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right]:\left(\dfrac{2\sqrt{a}}{a-1}\right)\)=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{2\sqrt{a}}\)
=\(\dfrac{a^2+a\sqrt{a}+11a+6}{2\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}\)
Ta có: \(A=\left(\dfrac{a+3\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a}}{a-1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}:\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1+\sqrt{a}+1}{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{a}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+1}{2\sqrt{a}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+b^2+a^2\left(b^3+b\right)\le\left(2b^3+2\right)a^2-2\left(b^3+1\right)a+2b^3+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b^3-b+2\right)a^2-2\left(b^3+1\right)a+2b^3-b^2+1\ge0\)
Xét tam thức bậc 2: \(f\left(a\right)=\left(b^3-b+2\right)a^2-2\left(b^3+1\right)a+2b^3-b^2+1\)
Ta có: \(b^3+2-b\ge3b-b=2b>0\)
\(\Delta'=\left(b^3+1\right)^2-\left(b^3-b+2\right)\left(2b^3-b^2+1\right)\)
\(\Delta'=-\left(b-1\right)^2\left(b^4+b^3-b^2+b+1\right)\le0\) ; \(\forall b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(a\right)\ge0\) ; \(\forall a\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(1;1\right)\)
\(GT\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab=a+b+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a+b^2+b=2\left(ab+a+b+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+1\right)+b\left(b+1\right)=2\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+1}+\dfrac{b}{a+1}=2\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b+1};\dfrac{b}{a+1}\right)=\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y\ge0\\x+y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow0\le xy\le1\)
\(P=\left(1+x^3\right)\left(1+y^3\right)=1+x^3+y^3+x^3y^3\)
\(P=1+\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+\left(xy\right)^3\)
\(P=\left(xy\right)^3-6xy+9=xy\left[\left(xy\right)^2-6\right]+9\le9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(xy=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;2\right);\left(2;0\right)\)
\(Ta\) \(có:\) \(1+a^2=ab+bc+ca+a^2=b\left(a+c\right)+a\left(a+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
\(1+b^2=ab+bc+ca+b^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(1+c^2=ab+bc+ca+c^2=\left(a+c\right)\left(c+b\right)\)
\(Khi\) \(đó:\) \(A=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1\)
a) \(\overrightarrow{AB}\left(2;-2\right)\); \(\overrightarrow{CA}=\left(4;-4\right)\).
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{-2}{-4}\) nên \(\overrightarrow{AB};\overrightarrow{CA}\) cùng phương . Suy ra ba điểm A, B, C thẳng hàng.
\(\overrightarrow{AB}\left(2;1\right)\); \(\overrightarrow{AC}\left(m+3;2m\right)\).
3 điểm A, B, C thẳng hàng nên hai véc tơ \(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\) cùng phương.
Suy ra: \(\dfrac{m+3}{2}=\dfrac{2m}{1}\Leftrightarrow m+3=4m\)\(\Leftrightarrow m=1\).