cho a,b,c,d thuộc z thỏa mãn ab+bc+ca=2019
cmr : ( a^2 + 2019) ( b^2 + 2019 ) ( c^2 + 2019) là số chính phương
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<=> \(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2=2ab+2bc+2ca< =>\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0< =>\)
a=b=c => 32020 = 3.a2019 <=> 32019 = a2019 => a=b=c=3
A= 12017 + 02018 + (-1)2019 = 0
Ta có: a+b+c=2020
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2020-b-c\\b=2020-a-c\\c=2020-b-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(P=\left(ab+c-2019\right)\left(bc+a-2019\right)\left(ca+b-2019\right)\)
\(=\left(ab+2020-a-b-2019\right)\left(bc+2020-b-c-2019\right)\left(ca+2020-a-c-2019\right)\)
\(=\left(ab-a-b+1\right)\left(bc-b-c+1\right)\left(ca-a-c+1\right)\)
\(=\left[a\left(b-1\right)-\left(b-1\right)\right]\left[b\left(c-1\right)-\left(c-1\right)\right]\left[a\left(c-1\right)-\left(c-1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(b-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\right]^2\)
Vậy: P là số chính phương(đpcm)
Ta có: \(a^2+2019=a^2+ab+bc+ca=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Tương tự ta có : \(b^2+2019=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(c^2+2019=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b^2-ac}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c^2-ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{\left(a^2-bc\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(b^2-ac\right)\left(a+c\right)+\left(c^2-ab\right)\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{a^2b-b^2c+a^2c-bc^2+ab^2-a^2c+b^2c-ac^2+ac^2+bc^2-a^2b-ab^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}=0\)\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
\(\text{Thay }ab+bc+ac=2019\text{ vào biểu thức trên, ta có: }\)
\(\frac{a^2-bc}{a^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{b^2-ac}{b^2+ab+bc+ac}+\frac{c^2-ab}{c^2+ab+bc+ac}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2-bc\right).\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right).\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(b^2-ac\right).\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right).\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{\left(c^2-ab\right).\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+c\right).\left(b+c\right).\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^2b+a^2c-b^2c-bc^2+b^2a+b^2c-a^2c-ac^2+c^2a+c^2b-a^2b-ab^2}{\left(a+c\right).\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right)}=0\)
Vậy...