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mddH2SO4=4,9%.200=9,8(g)
-> nH2SO4=9,8/98=0,1(mol)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 ->ZnSO4 + H2
nH2=nH2SO4=0,1(mol)
=> V(H2,đktc)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
a) PTHH: NaOH + Al + H2O -> NaAlO2 + 3/2 H2
b) nH2= 0,6(mol)
-> nAl=0,4(mol) => mAl=0,4.27=10,8(g)
c) nAl=0,18((mol); nNaOH=0,2(mol)
PTHH: 0,18/1 < 0,2/1
=> Al hết, NaOH dư, tính theo nAl.
-> nH2= 3/2. 0,18=0,27(mol)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,27.22,4= 6,048(l)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13.44}{22.4}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+2Al+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
\(...........0.4.........................0.6\)
\(m_{Al}=0.4\cdot27=10.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{4.86}{27}=0.18\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+2Al+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
\(2.................2\)
\(0.2...............0.18\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.2}{2}>\dfrac{0.18}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow NaOHdư\)
\(n_{H_2}=0.18\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}=0.27\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.27\cdot22.4=6.048\left(l\right)\)
TN1:
\(C_{M\left(E\right)}=\dfrac{2x+y}{3}M\)
10ml dd E chứa \(0,01.\dfrac{2x+y}{3}\) mol H2SO4
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,05824}{22,4}=0,0026\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
=> 2x + y = 0,78 (1)
TN2:
\(C_{M\left(F\right)}=\dfrac{x+3y}{4}M\)
50ml dd F chứa \(0,05\dfrac{x+3y}{4}\) mol H2SO4
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16,8.5\%}{40}=0,021\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
=> x + 3y = 0,84 (2)
(1)(2) => x = 0,3; y = 0,18
a) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,2----->0,6
=> VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
b) PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,4<-1,2<------------------0,6
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2.36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
c) PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,4<---0,3
=> Vkk = 0,3.22,4.5 = 33,6 (l)
Sửa lại câu c .
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49.40}{100}:98=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
trc p/u : 0,3 0,2
p/u : 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
sau : 0,1 0 0,2 0,2
-> Fe dư
\(m_{ddFeSO_4}=0,3.56+49-0,4=65,4\left(g\right)\) ( ĐLBTKL )
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0,2.152=30,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{30,4}{65,4}.100\%\approx46,48\%\)
PTHH :
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(a,m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(c,n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{49.40}{100}}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\rightarrow n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0,2.152=30,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddFeSO_4}=49+\left(0,2.56\right)-0,2.2=59,8\left(g\right)\)( định luật bảo toàn khối lượng )
\(C\%=\dfrac{30,4}{59,8}.100\%\approx50,84\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\)
\(C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(b,C_M=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
\(c,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=0,1.161=16,1\left(g\right)\)
b. \(n_{H_2thu.được}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(H_2+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O\)
0,1 0,05
\(V_{O_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{không.khí}=1,12.5=5,6\left(l\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,568}{22,4}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(ban.đầu\right)}=5.0,3=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4\left(lấy\right)}=\dfrac{0,07}{1,5}.3=0,14\left(l\right)=140\left(ml\right)\)