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Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=150\cdot17,1\%=25,65\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl}=300\cdot7,3\%=21,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\frac{25,65}{171}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\frac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,15}{1}< \frac{0,6}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Ba(OH)2 phản ứng hết, HCl còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch A làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ
Bài 3:
PTHH: \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow2HCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\) (1)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaCl_2}=\frac{150\cdot5,2\%}{208}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{250\cdot19,6\%}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,0375}{1}< \frac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) BaCl2 phản ứng hết, H2SO4 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=0,0375mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,0375\cdot233=8,7375\left(g\right)\)
b) Dung dịch A chứa \(HCl\) và \(H_2SO_{4\left(dư\right)}\)
PTHH: \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\) (2)
\(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\) (3)
Theo PTHH (1): \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,075mol\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4625mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=0,075mol\\n_{NaOH\left(3\right)}=0,925mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=1mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{NaOH}=\frac{1}{1,5}\approx0,67\left(l\right)=670\left(ml\right)\)
nAl2O3= 10,2/102= 0,1(mol)
a) PTHH: Al2O3 + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2O
0,1_______0,6_______0,2_________0,3(mol)
mHCl=0,6.36,5= 21,9(g)
=>mddHCl= (21,9.100)/7,3=300(g)
b) mddsau= mAl2O3 + mddHCl= 10,2+300=310,2(g)
c) mAlCl3= 133,5.0,2=26,7(g)
=>C%ddAlCl3= (26,7/310,2).100=8,607%
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{126}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: Na2SO3 + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + SO2 + H2O
Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{SO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(lít\right)\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{SO_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{7,3}{150}.100\%=4,87\%\)
c. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{NaCl}}=n_{Na_2SO_{3_{PỨ}}}=50\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{11,7}{50}.100\%=23,4\%\)
\(a,PTHH:FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{10,7}{107}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{FeCl_3}}=0,1\cdot162,5=16,25\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{16,25\cdot100\%}{5\%}=325\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{NaOH}=n_{NaCl}=3n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,3\cdot40=12\left(g\right)\\ m_{NaCl}=0,3\cdot58,5=17,55\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaCl}}=325+150-10,7=464,3\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{dd_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{17,55}{464,3}\cdot100\%\approx3,78\%\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{9,8.150}{100}=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,25 0,15 0,15
a) Lap ti so so sanh : \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{1}\)
⇒ MgO du , H2SO4 phan ung het
⇒ Tinh toan dua vao so mol cua H2SO4
\(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgSO4}=0,15.120=18\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{ddspu}=150+10=160\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{18.100}{160}=11,25\)0/0
Chuc ban hoc tot
a) NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
KOH + HCl --> KCl + H2O
b) Gọi số mol của NaOH, KOH là a, b (mol)
=> 40a + 56b = 3,04
Có nNaOH = nNaCl = a (mol)
=> mNaCl = 58,5a (g)
nKOH = nKCl = b (mol)
=> mKCl = 74,5b (g)
=> 58,5a + 74,5b = 4,15
=> a = 0,02; b = 0,04
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,02.40=0,8\left(g\right)\\m_{KOH}=0,04.56=2,24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,02.58,5=1,17\left(g\right)\\m_{KCl}=0,04.74,5=2,98\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
PTHH: NaCl + AgNO3 --> NaNO3 + AgCl
0,02------------------------>0,02
KCl + AgNO3 --> KNO3 + AgCl
0,04--------------------->0,04
=> \(m_{AgCl}=\left(0,02+0,04\right).143,5=8,61\left(g\right)\)
\(a,NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ b,Đặt:n_{NaOH}=w\left(mol\right);n_{KOH}=e\left(mol\right)\left(w,e>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40w+56e=3,04\\58,5w+74,5e=4,15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}w=0,02\left(mol\right)\\e=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=40w=0,8\left(g\right);m_{KOH}=56e=2,24\left(g\right)\\ c,NaCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\\ KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\\ n_{AgCl\downarrow}=n_{NaCl}+n_{KCl}=w+e=0,06\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=m_{AgCl}=143,5.0,06=8,61\left(g\right)\)
Làm sao ạ
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{150.20\%}{40}=0,75\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{250.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,75}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{1}\Rightarrow NaOHdư\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,75-0,5=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{58,5.0,5}{150+250}.100=7,3125\%\\ C\%_{ddNaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.40}{150+250}.100=2,5\%\)