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Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ mhh = 342x + 160y (g)
BTNT O, có: \(n_O=12n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+4n_{CuSO_4}=12x+4y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ mO = 16.(12x+4y) = 192x + 64y (g)
Mà: O chiếm 48,34% khối lượng.
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{192x+64y}{342x+160y}=0,4834\) \(\Rightarrow y=2x\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342x}{342x+160y}.100\%=\dfrac{342x}{342x+160.2x}.100\%\approx51,66\%\)
\(\%m_{CuSO_4}\approx48,34\%\)
\(M_{CaCO_3}=40+12+16.3=100\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{40}{100}.100\%=40\%\\ \%m_C=\dfrac{12}{100}.100\%=12\%\\ \%m_O=100\%-\left(12\%+40\%\right)=48\%\\ M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=27.2+\left(32+16.4\right).3=342\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{2.27}{342}.100\%=15,79\%\\ \%m_S=\dfrac{32.3}{342}.100\%=28\%\\ \%m_O=100\%-\left(28\%+15,79\%\right)=56,21\%\)
\(a.CTHH:K_2CO_3:\\ \%K=\dfrac{78}{138}=56,52\%\\ \%C=\dfrac{12}{138}=8,69\%\\ \%O=100\%-56,52\%-8,69\%=34,79\%\)
\(b.CTHH:H_2SO_4:\\ \%H=\dfrac{2}{98}=2,04\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{98}=32,65\%\\\%O=100\%-2,04\%-32,65\%=65,31\% \)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na_2SO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_X=342a+142b\left(g\right)\)
BTNT O, có: \(n_O=12n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+4n_{Na_2SO_4}=12a+4b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_O=16.\left(12a+4b\right)=192a+64b\left(g\right)\)
Mà: O chiếm 50% về khối lượng.
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{192a+64b}{342a+142b}=0,5\) \(\Rightarrow b=3a\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342a}{342a+142b}.100\%=\dfrac{342a}{342a+142.3a}.100\%=44,53125\%\)
\(\%m_{Na_2SO_4}=100-44,53125=55,46875\%\)
Phần trăm khối lượng của nguyên tố S trong hợp chất nhôm sunfat là:
\(\%m_S=\dfrac{M_S.3}{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}.100\%=\dfrac{32.3}{27.2+32.3+16.4.3}.100\%=\dfrac{16}{57}.100\%\approx28\%\)
câu 1:
\(PTK\) của \(H_2SO_4=2.1+1.32+4.16=98\left(đvC\right)\)
\(PTK\) của \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2=1.137+\left(1.16+1.1\right).2=171\left(đvC\right)\)
\(PTK\) của \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\)\(=2.27+\left(1.32+4.16\right).3=342\left(đvC\right)\)
\(PTK\) của \(Fe_3O_4=3.56+4.16=232\left(đvC\right)\)
\(a,\%H=\dfrac{1}{63}.100\%=1,6\%\\\%N=\dfrac{14}{63}.100\%=22,2\%\\ \%O=100\%-1,6\%-22,2\%=76,2\%\\b,\%Al=\dfrac{54}{342}.100\%=15,8\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{96}{342}.100\%=28,1\%\\ \%O=100\%-15,8\%-28,1\%=56,1\% \%b,b,15,8\%\\ \)
%Zn=\(\frac{65}{65+32+16.4}.100\%=40,37\%\)
%S=\(\frac{32}{65+32+16.4}.100\%=19,87\%\)
%O=100-19,87-40,37=39,76%
Các bài khác tương tự
\(1,\%_{S}=\dfrac{96}{342}.100\%=\dfrac{1600}{57}\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{4,8}{\dfrac{1600}{57}\%}=17,1(g)\\ \%_{Al}=\dfrac{54}{342}.100\%=\dfrac{300}{19}\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=17,1.\dfrac{300}{19}\%=2,7(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{S}=17,1-2,7-4,8=9,6(g)\)
\(2,\) Đặt \(n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=a(mol)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=2a;n_{O}=12a(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 12a.16-27.2a=27,6\\ \Rightarrow a=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{O}=12.0,2.16=38,4(g)\\ m_{Al}=2.0,2.27=10,8(g)\\ m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,2.342=68,4(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{S}=68,4-38,4-10,8=19,2(g)\)