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Lời giải:
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{y-z}+\frac{y}{z-x}+\frac{z}{x-y}\right)\left(\frac{1}{y-z}+\frac{1}{z-x}+\frac{1}{x-y}\right)-\frac{x}{(y-z)(z-x)}-\frac{x}{(y-z)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(x-y)}-\frac{y}{(z-x)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(y-z)}-\frac{z}{(x-y)(z-x)}\)
\(=0-\frac{x(x-y)+x(z-x)+y(y-z)+y(x-y)+z(z-x)+z(y-z)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}\)
\(=0-\frac{x^2+xz+y^2+xy+z^2+zy-(xy+x^2+yz+y^2+zx+z^2)}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0-\frac{0}{(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)}=0\)
\(A\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}+z+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z+\frac{9}{x+y+z}\right)^2=\frac{100}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có:
\(4A=\frac{\left(x+y+z+t\right)^2\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xyzt}\)
\(\ge\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)t\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xyzt}\)
\(=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{16\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y\right)}{xyz}\)
\(=\frac{16\left(x+y\right)^2}{xy}\ge\frac{64xy}{xy}=64\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge16\)
Đấu = xảy ra khi \(t=2z=4x=4y=1\)
x;y;z;t >0 áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương ta có :
=\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\)
=\(\left(x+y\right)+z\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)z}\)
=\(\left(x+y+z\right)+t\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)t}\)
nhân các vế tương ứng ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y+z+t\right)\ge8\sqrt{xyzt\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
mà x+y+z+t=2
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)2\ge8\sqrt{xyzt\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
=\(\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge4\sqrt{xyzt}\)
=\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\ge16xyzt\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyzt}\ge\frac{16xyzt}{xyzt}=16\)
vậy minB=16 khi\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=y\\x+y=z\\x+y+z=t\end{cases}};x+y+z+t=2\Rightarrow x=y=0.25;z=0.5;t=1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(x^2-2x=y\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=y+1\)
\(y^2+2y=z\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)^2=z+1\)
Ta có:
\(x+y+z+1+\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y+1+z+1+x-1+\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)+\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
Do \(x\ge1\Rightarrow x-1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)+\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
ta có:\(P=\sum\dfrac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}=\sum\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x}}{\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\)
đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\)thì giả thiết trở thành : \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\).tìm Min \(P=\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b}{a^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
ta có:\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a}{1-a^2}=\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy:
\(\left[a\left(1-a^2\right)\right]^2=\dfrac{1}{2}.2a^2\left(1-a^2\right)\left(1-a^2\right)\le\dfrac{1}{54}\left(2a^2+1-a^2+1-a^2\right)^3=\dfrac{4}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-a^2\right)\le\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2\)
tương tự với các phân thức còn lại ta có:
\(P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y}=b\\\dfrac{1}{z}=c\end{matrix}\right.\) Thì bài toán trở thành
Cho \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) tính GTNN của \(P=\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+a^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=1-c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\)
Mà ta có: \(2c^2\left(1-c^2\right)\left(1-c^2\right)\le\dfrac{\left(2c^2+1-c^2+1-c^2\right)^3}{27}=\dfrac{8}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow c\left(1-c^2\right)\le\dfrac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}c^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{a^2+b^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}c^2}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{c^2+a^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}b^2}{2}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{a}{b^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}a^2}{2}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\) hay \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Lời giải:
\(4P=\frac{4(x+y+z)(x+y)}{xyzt}=\frac{(x+y+z+t)^2(x+y+z)(x+y)}{xyzt}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(4P\geq \frac{4t(x+y+z)(x+y+z)(x+y)}{xyzt}\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{(x+y+z)^2(x+y)}{xyz}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM:
\(P\geq \frac{4z(x+y)(x+y)}{xyz}=\frac{4(x+y)^2}{xy}\geq \frac{4.4xy}{xy}=16\)
Vậy GTNN của $P$ là $16$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x+y+z=t; x+y=z; x=y$ hay $t=1; z=\frac{1}{2}; x=y=\frac{1}{4}$
\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=8\)
=>\(8xyz=xyz+\sum x+\sum xy+1\)
=>\(\sum x^2+14xyz=\left(\sum x\right)^2+2\sum x+2\)
mặt khác
\(8=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\rightarrow xyz\ge1\)
đặt \(\sum x=a\left(a\ge3\right)\)
khi đó \(P=\dfrac{a^2+2a+2}{4a^2+15xyz}\le\dfrac{a^2+2a+2}{4a^2+15}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+2a+2}{4a^2+15}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{\left(a-3\right)^2}{12a^2+45}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
vậy max bằng 1/3 khi x=y=z=1
<=>\(4\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2\right)=4x\left(y+z+t\right)\)
<=> \(4x^2+4y^2+4z^2+4t^2=4xy+4xt+4xz\)
áp dụng BĐT cô -si
\(x^2+4y^2\ge4xy\) (1)
\(x^2+4z^2\ge4xz\) (2)
\(x^2+4t^2\ge4xt\) (3)
Từ (1) (2) và (3) => \(4x^2+4y^2+4z^2+4t^2\ge3x^2+4y^2+4z^2+4t^2\ge4x\left(y+z+t\right)\)
<=> \(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2\ge x\left(y+z+t\right)\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi x = 0 ; x = 2y ; x = 2z ; x = 2t
<=> x = y = z = t= 0