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\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{2}-\dfrac{x^2}{5}+\dfrac{y^2}{3}-\dfrac{y^2}{5}+\dfrac{z^2}{4}-\dfrac{z^2}{5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{10}x^2+\dfrac{2}{15}y^2+\dfrac{1}{20}z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\)
a, Ta có :
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z-2-6+3}{4+9-4}=\dfrac{50-5}{9}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=11;y=17;z=23\)
b, Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow xyz=810\)
\(\Rightarrow2k.3k.5k=810\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\Leftrightarrow k^3=27\Leftrightarrow k=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=6;y=9;z=15\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{2x-2}{4};\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9};\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{4+9-4}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-1}{2}=5\\\dfrac{y-2}{3}=5\\\dfrac{z-3}{4}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=11\\y=17\\z=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2k\\y=3k\\z=5k\end{matrix}\right.\)
xyz = 810
=> 2k.3k.5k = 810
=> k = 3
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=9\\z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cách 2:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{2}+\dfrac{y^2}{3}+\dfrac{z^2}{4}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{30x^2}{60}+\dfrac{20y^2}{60}+\dfrac{15z^2}{60}=\dfrac{12\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{30x^2+20y^2+15z^2}{60}=\dfrac{12x^2+12y^2+12z^2}{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow30x^2+20y^2+15z^2=12x^2+12y^2+12z^2\)
\(\Rightarrow30x^2-12x^2+20y^2-12y^2+15z^2-12z^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow18x^2+8y^2+3z^2=0\)
Ta có :
\(18x^2\ge0\forall x\) \(;8y^2\ge0\forall y;3z^2\ge0\forall z\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}18x^2=0\\8y^2=0\\3z^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\)
Vậy x = y = z =0
`P=x^3/(x+y)+y^3/(y+z)+z^3/(z+x)`
`=x^4/(x^2+xy)+y^4/(y^2+yz)+z^4/(z^2+zx)`
Ad bđt cosi-swart:
`P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx)`
Mà `xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2)`
`=>P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(x^2+y^2+z^2)/2=3/2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1`
`Q=(x^3+y^3)/(x+2y)+(y^3+z^3)/(y+2z)+(z^3+x^3)/(z+2x)`
`Q=(x^3/(x+2y)+y^3/(y+2z)+z^3/(z+2x))+(y^3/(x+2y)+z^3/(y+2z)+x^3/(z+2x))`
`Q=(x^4/(x^2+2xy)+y^4/(y^2+2yz)+z^4/(z^2+2zx))+(y^4/(xy+2y^2)+z^4/(yz+2z^4)+x^4/(xz+2x^2))`
Áp dụng BĐT cosi-swart ta có:
`Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx)+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)+xy+yz+zx))`
Mà`xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2`
`=>Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2)/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))/3=2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1.`
Ta có : \(\dfrac{x^2}{2}+\dfrac{y^2}{3}+\dfrac{z^2}{4}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{30x^2+20y^2+15z^2}{60}=\dfrac{12\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{60}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow30x^2-18x^2+20y^2-12y^2+15z^2-12z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x^2+8y^2+3z^2=0\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}18x^2\ge0\\8y^2\ge0\\3z^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow18x^2+8y^2+3z^2\ge0\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=0\)
Vậy với \(x=y=z=0\) thì \(\dfrac{x^2}{2}+\dfrac{y^2}{3}+\dfrac{z^2}{4}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{5}\)