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Đặt \(a=x^2;b=y^2\left(a;b\ge0\right)\)
\(A=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b\right)^2}\)
\(\left|A\right|=\frac{\left|\left(a-b\right)\left(1-ab\right)\right|}{\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b^2\right)}\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(1+a\right)^2\left(1+b\right)^2}\)
\(\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)+\left(1+ab\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)^2\left(b+1\right)^2\ge4\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|A\right|\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow-4\le A\le4\)
\(A=-4\Leftrightarrow a=0;b=1\Leftrightarrow x=0;y=+1or-1\)
\(A=4\Leftrightarrow a=1;b=0\Leftrightarrow x=+-1;y=0\)
Vậy \(MinA=-4;MaxA=4\)
pt <=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4\left(x^2+y^2\right)+3=-x^2\le0\) (1)
(1)<=> \(A^2-4A+3\le0\Leftrightarrow1\le A\le3\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 1 tại x = 0 y =+- 1
GTLN của A là 3 tại x = 0 ; y= +-căn3
\(x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4-3x^2-4y^2+4=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4=1-x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2-2\right)^2=1-x^2\)
Do \(1-x^2\le1\) \(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le x^2+y^2-2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1\le x^2+y^2\le3\)
\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\pm1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A_{max}=3\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\pm\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,P=\dfrac{x^2-x^2+8xy-16y^2}{x^2+4y^2}=\dfrac{8\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)-16}{\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)^2+4}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{y}=t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{8t-16}{t^2+4}\Leftrightarrow Pt^2+4P=8t-16\\ \Leftrightarrow Pt^2-8t+4P+16=0\)
Với \(P=0\Leftrightarrow t=2\)
Với \(P\ne0\Leftrightarrow\Delta'=16-P\left(4P+16\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-P^2-4P+4\ge0\Leftrightarrow-2-2\sqrt{2}\le P\le-2+2\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(P_{max}=-2+2\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{4}{P}=\dfrac{4}{-2+2\sqrt{2}}=2+\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=2+2\sqrt{2}\)
\(x^4+2x^2y^2-3x^2+y^4-4y^2+4=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-4\left(x^2+y^2\right)+4=1-x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2-2\right)^2=1-x^2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le x^2+y^2-2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1\le x^2+y^2\le3\)
\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\pm1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A_{max}=0\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\pm\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)