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\(A=x^2-6x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot3+3^2-9+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1\) \(\forall x\in z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A_{min}=1khix=3\)
\(B=3x^2-12x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{3}x\cdot2\sqrt{3}+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2-12+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(\sqrt{3}x-2\sqrt{3}\right)^2-11\ge-11\) \(\forall x\in z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B_{min}=-11khix=2\)
A = x2 + 5x + 7
= ( x2 + 5x + 25/4 ) + 3/4
= ( x + 5/2 )2 + 3/4
\(\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 5/2 = 0 => x = -5/2
=> MinA = 3/4 <=> x = -5/2
B = 6x - x2 - 5
= -( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + 4
= -( x - 3 )2 + 4
\(-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2+4\le4\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 3 = 0 => x = 3
=> MaxB = 4 <=> x = 3
C = ( x - 1 )( x + 2 )( x + 3 )( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 )( x + 6 ) ][ ( x + 2 )( x + 3 ) ]
= [ x2 + 5x - 6 ][ x2 + 5x + 6 ]
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
\(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x2 + 5x = 0
<=> x( x + 5 ) = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = -5
=> MinC = -36 <=> x = 0 hoặc x = -5
Ta có: 3x + y = 1 => y = 1 - 3x
a, Thay y = 1 - 3x vào M, ta có:
\(\Rightarrow M=3x^2+\left(1-3x\right)^2=3x^2+1-6x+9x^2=12x^2-6x+1=3\left(4x^2-2x+\frac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(4x^2-2x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{12}\right)=3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{12}=3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(2x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-\frac{1}{2}=0\\3x+y=1\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{4}\\y=1-3x=1-3.\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN M = 1/4 khi x = y = 1/4
b, Thay y = 1 - 3x vào N
\(\Rightarrow N=x\left(1-3x\right)=x-3x^2=-3\left(x^2-\frac{x}{3}+\frac{1}{36}-\frac{1}{36}\right)\)
\(=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2-3.\left(-\frac{1}{36}\right)=-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2+\frac{1}{12}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-\frac{1}{6}\right)^2+\frac{1}{12}\le\frac{1}{12}\forall x\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-\frac{1}{6}=0\\3x+y=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{6}\\y=1-3x=1-3.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy GTLN N = 1/12 khi x = 1/6 và y = 1/2
Bài 1
a) \(\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x-1\right)^3+x^3-3x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3-3x^2+3x-1+x^3-3x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=3x^3+6x-3x^3+3x=9x\)
b) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b-c\right)^2+\left(2a-b\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ca+4a^2-4ab+b^2\)
\(=6a^2+3b^2+2c^2+4ab-4ab=6a^2+3b^2+2c^2\)
Bài 2
a) \(x^2-20x+101=\left(x^2-20x+100\right)+1=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-10\right)^2=0< =>x-10=0< =>x=10\)
b) \(4a^2+4a+2=4\left(a^2+a+\frac{1}{4}\right)+1=4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>4\left(a+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>a+\frac{1}{2}=0< =>a=-\frac{1}{2}\)
c) \(x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+y^2-2y+1+27\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+2.5.\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y-1=0\\x-2y+5=0\end{cases}< =>\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=-3\end{cases}}}\)
Bài 3
a) \(4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-2\right)^2=0< =>x-2=0< =>x=2\)
b) \(x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>x-\frac{1}{2}=0< =>x=\frac{1}{2}\)