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\(a+b+c=0\) nên trong 3 số a;b;c phải có ít nhất 1 số dương
Do vai trò của 3 biến như nhau, ko mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c>0\)
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=\left(-c\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(-c\right)=3abc=-6\)
\(\Rightarrow F=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{-6}=\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-6}=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\dfrac{2}{c}+c\left(a+b\right)}{-2}=\dfrac{-\dfrac{2}{c}+c\left(-c\right)}{-2}=\dfrac{c^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{c^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2c}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^2}{8c^2}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(F_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(-2;1;1\right)\) và các hoán vị
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+bc\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)+ca\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2-c^2\right)+ca\left(c^2-a^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\) hay tam giác cân
\(=\frac{2013ac}{abc+2013ac+2013c}+\frac{abc}{abc^2+abc+2013ac}+\frac{2013c}{2013ac+2013c+2013}\)
\(=\frac{2013ac}{2013+2013ac+2013c}+\frac{2013}{2013c+2013+2013ac}+\frac{2013c}{2013ac+2013c+2013}\)
\(=\frac{2013ac+2013c+2013}{2013ac+2013c+2013}=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Do: \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\text{ nen }a^2\le1,b^2\le1,c^2\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow a\ge-1;b\ge-1;c\ge-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow1+a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+abc\ge0\)
Cần C/m:
\(1+a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge0\)
Ta có:
\(1+a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)+2ab+2bc+2ca+abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\ge0\left(\text{luon dung}\right)\)
=> ĐPCM
ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\Rightarrow-1\le|a|\le1.\),tương tự với b và c
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow abc+\left(a+b+c+ab+ac+bc+1\right)\ge0.\left(1\right)\)
Ta thấy \(\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac+2a+2b+2c+1.\)
\(=2+2a+2b+2c+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
\(=2\left(1+a+b+c+ab+ac+bc\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow1+a+b+c+ab+bc+ac\ge0\left(2\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế của (1) và (2) Suy ra \(abc+2\left(1+a+b+c+ab+ac+bc\right)\ge0\left(đpcm\right)\)