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I. Change these sentences into passive voice.
1. She had to wear uniform yesterday.
-> Uniform had to be worn by her yesterday
2. My family won't have to book two rooms for the next holiday.
-> Two rooms won't have to be booked by my family for the next holiday.
3. The government are going to cut off some welfares next year.
-> Aome welfares are going to be cut off by the government next year
4. We are used to having lunch at 11:30
-> Lunch is used to being had by us at 11:30
5. They didn't use to use these room ages ago
-> These rooms wasn't used ages ago
6. She is going to clear her bed up this afternoon.
-> Her bed is going to be cleared up by her this afternoon
7. My mother wants me to prepare dinner for all family.
-> I am wanted to prepare dinner for all family by my mother
8. Old people expect the government to raise the pension.
-> The government is expected by old people to raise the pension
9. We have to find out an effective solution to ease the pollution in this river.
-> An effective solution has to be found out by us to ease the pollution in this river
10. Are you going to spend the holiday in Nha Trang with your family?
-> Is the holiday going to be spent by you in Nha Trang with your family?
11. They didn't want to disturb me.
-> I didn't want to be disturbed
12. She must lock the doors all tines.
-> The doors must be locked by her all times
13. Most people don't steal because they are afraid that someone will catch them.
-> Most people don't steal because they are afraid of being caught
14. To be told you are no good can destroy your confidence.
-> Being told you are no good can destroy your confidence
15. I hate it when people ask me stupid questions.
-> I hate being asked stupid questions
16. It's dangerous to use the equipment if nobody instructs you.
-> It's dangerous to use the equipment without being instructed
Modal verbs in passive:
1, You should pay more attention to your study.
-> Attention should be paid more to your study.
2, all we might understand this problem
-> This problem might be understood.
3, the people ought to stop make war in the world.
-> War in the world ought to be stopped.
4, she may answer the question easily.
-> The question may be answered easily.
1 Your study should be paid more attention
2 This problem might be understood
3 War ought not to be made in the world
4 The question may be answer easily by her
Change the following sentences into the passive
1. The woman does the work every day.
→ The work is done by the woman everyday.
2. Tom did not break the glass yesterday.
→ The glass wan't broken by Tom yesterday.
3. I saw them playing there.
→ They were seen playing there by me.
4. She wasn't making coffee for him when i came.
→ Coffee wasn't been made for him by her when I came.
5. Do people speak English all over the word?
→ Is english spoken all over the world?
6. I shall show her how to do it
→ She shall be shown how to do it by me.
7. No students are doing the test now
→ The test isn't done by students now.
8. The young people have watched the program on TV recently.
→ The program on TV has been watched by the young people recently
9. She says that she can do nothing this moment.
→ It is said that she can do nothing this moment
10. Nam has already done the exercises at home.
→ The exercises have already been done at home by Nam.
11. The taylors have just invited me to dinner.
→ I have just been invited to dinner by the taylors.
12. They have to copy the text in class.
→ The text has to be copied in class.
13. Nobody used to do the work formerly.
→ The work wasn't used to be done formerly
14. She is taking care of them at present.
→ They are being taken care of at present.
15. You should write to him today.
→ He should be written to by you today
On April Fools' Day, people in many countries play tricks on each other. Usually, the tricks (1) ___ involve _ making friends believe something ridiculous. On this day you could, for example, tell a friend there is a huge spider on their shoulder. If they believe you, you have succeeded (2) ___ in ___ fooling them, and even if you only trick them for a second, you have (3) __ the __ right to shout "April Fool!" This day, 1st April, is also known as All Fools’ Day. In some countries, such as Ireland or Cyprus, you can only try to fool someone before twelve noon. If you do play tricks after midday, you will become the fool (4) _instead _____. So it is advisable for you to do that in the morning. (5)___Whatever ___ you do for, all you want is fun rather than do harm to others. And if you don’t want to be foolish, be sensitive! But how did this (6) __tradition ___ begin? Some say April Fools’ Day originated in France when that country adopted the new Gregorian calendar. In the previous calendar, New Year was celebrated (7) ___from __ 25th March until 1st April, not on 1st January, as in the Gregorian calendar. Some people refused to (8) __follow ___ the new calendar, and continued to celebrate the New Year in spring. Other people made fun of them and laughed at them (9) __because ___ they were old-fashioned and didn't want to change. Now April Fools' Day has become a global tradition, and no one is safe! People play tricks on anyone, not just on (10) __those____ who don't want to change with the times.
Change these sentences into passive voice
1. The local council decided to rebuild the house opposite the college
-> The local council decided that the house opposite the college should be rebuilt
2. She asked me to lend her 10 dollars
-> I was asked to lend her 10 dollars
3. He saw you shopping
-> You were seen shopping by him
4. I advise my sister to put her money in the box under the carpet
-> My sister is advised to put her money in the box under the carpet by me
5. She used to make cloth puppets
-> Cloth puppets used to be made by her
6. I had someone cut my hair
-> I had my hair cut
7. He got somebody to redecorate the room
-> He had the room decorated
8. She urges him to visit her parents as soon as possible
-> He is urged to visit her parents as soon as possible by her
9. Do they teach English here?
-> Is English taught here by them ?
10. Will you invite her to your wedding party?
-> Will her be invited to your wedding party by you ?
11. Is she making big cakes for the party?
-> Are big cakes being made for the party by her ?
12. How many games has the team played?
-> How many games have been played by the team ?
13. The teacher wants us to answer all the questions
-> The teacher wants all the questions to be answered by us
14. She expected them to finish all the exercises
-> They were expected to finish all the exercises by her
15. She invited us to come to her party
-> We were invited to come to her party by her
Choose the sentences that have object and then change them into passive voice
2. I had to solve the oroblem.
-> the problem had to be solve
3. We are going to have a fare-well party
-> a fare-well party is going to had
4. I couldn't do the job on my own
-> the job couldn't be done on my own
6. Can you recommend a good hotel in your city?
-> can a good hotel be recommended in your city?
7. You ought to pay your electricity bill this week
-> your electricity bill ought to be paid this week
8. Leaves are falling from the trees
-> the trees are being fell from
10. The news didn't surprise us
-> we weren't surprised by the news
Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us?
Questions:
After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions
1. What is the main topic of the article?
Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology
Benefit of biotechnology
Modern research in biotechnology
2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to?
Biotechnology
The article
The word "Biotechnology"
3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms?
Beer, bread and cheese
Bread and wine
Beer and cheese
Decide whether the statement below is True or False.
4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them.
TrueFalse
5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe.
TrueFalse
6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts.
TrueFalse
. Rewrite the sentences using the correct passive voice:
1. They have to repair their garage.
-> Their garage have to be repaired.
2. The teacher is going to show us a documentary about severe floods
-> We are going to be showed a documentary about severe floods by the teacher.
3. The police haven't found the flood victins yet.
-> The flood victins haven't been found by the police yet.
4. It is said that many people are homeless after the flood
-> It is said to be homeless after the flood.
