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\(1,\\ a,2^x=16=2^4\Rightarrow x=4\\ b,3^{x+1}=9^x=3^{2x}\\ \Rightarrow x+1=2x\Rightarrow x=1\\ c,2^{3x+2}=4^{x+5}=2^{2\left(x+5\right)}\\ \Rightarrow3x+2=2x+10\Rightarrow x=8\\ d,3^{2x-1}=243=3^5\\ \Rightarrow2x-1=5\Rightarrow x=3\\ 2,\\ a,2^{225}=8^{75}< 9^{75}=3^{150}\\ b,2^{91}=\left(2^{13}\right)^7=8192^7>3125^7=\left(5^5\right)^7=5^{35}\\ c,99^{20}=\left(99^2\right)^{10}< \left(99\cdot101\right)^{10}=9999^{10}\\ 3,\\ a,12^8\cdot9^{12}=2^{16}\cdot3^8\cdot3^{24}=2^{16}\cdot3^{32}=\left(2\cdot3^2\right)^{16}=18^{16}\\ b,75^{20}=\left(3\cdot5^2\right)^{20}=3^{20}\cdot5^{40}=\left(3^{20}\cdot5^{10}\right)\cdot5^{30}=\left(3^2\cdot5\right)^{10}\cdot5^{30}=45^{10}\cdot5^{30}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(\Rightarrow2^x=2^4\Rightarrow x=4\)
b) \(\Rightarrow3^{x+1}=3^{2x}\Rightarrow x+1=2x\Rightarrow x=1\)
c) \(\Rightarrow2^{3x+2}=2^{2x+10}\Rightarrow3x+2=2x+10\Rightarrow x=8\)
d) \(\Rightarrow3^{2x-1}=3^5\Rightarrow2x-1=5\Rightarrow x=3\)
Bài 2:
a) \(2^{225}=\left(2^3\right)^{75}=8^{75}< 9^{75}=\left(3^2\right)^{75}=3^{150}\)
b) \(2^{91}=\left(2^{13}\right)^7=8192^7>3125^7=\left(5^5\right)^7=5^{35}\)
c) \(99^{20}=\left(99^2\right)^{10}=9801^{10}< 9999^{10}\)
Bài 3:
a) \(12^8.9^{12}=\left(4.3\right)^8.9^{12}=4^8.3^8.9^{12}=2^{16}.9^4.9^{12}=2^{16}.9^{16}=\left(2.9\right)^{16}=18^{16}\)
b) \(75^{20}=\left(75^2\right)^{10}=5625^{10}=\left(45.125\right)^{10}=45^{10}.125^{10}=45^{10}.5^{30}\)
Ta có: 291 > 290 = (25)18 = 3218
535 < 536 = (52)18 = 2518.
Vì 32 > 25 nên 3218 > 2518, do đó ta có : 291 > 3218 > 2518 > 535.
Vậy 291 > 535.
`2^{91}=(2^{13})^{7}=8192^{7}`
`5^{35}=(5^{5})^{7}=3125^{7}`
Vì `8192^{7}>3125^{7}`
`->2^{91}>5^{35}`
\(2^{91}=\left(2^{13}\right)^7=8192^7\)
\(5^{35}=\left(5^5\right)^7=3125^7\)
Mà \(8192^7>3125^7\Rightarrow2^{91}>5^{35}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(\dfrac{-17}{36}\) và \(\dfrac{23}{-48}\)
\(\dfrac{-17}{36}=\dfrac{-17.4}{36.4}=\dfrac{-68}{144}\)
\(\dfrac{23}{-48}=\dfrac{-23}{48}=\dfrac{-23.3}{144.3}=\dfrac{-69}{144}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{-68}{144}>\dfrac{-69}{144}\) nên \(\dfrac{-17}{36}>\dfrac{23}{-48}\)
b) \(\dfrac{-1}{3}\) và \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{-1}{3}\) là số âm mà \(\dfrac{2}{5}\) là số dương nên \(\dfrac{-1}{3}< \dfrac{2}{5}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) và \(\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{7}< 1\) mà \(\dfrac{5}{4}>1\) nên \(\dfrac{2}{7}< \dfrac{5}{4}\)
d) \(\dfrac{267}{-268}\) và \(\dfrac{-1347}{1343}\)
\(\dfrac{267}{-268}=\dfrac{-267}{268}=\dfrac{-267.449}{268.449}=\dfrac{-119883}{120332}\)
\(\dfrac{-1347}{1343}=\dfrac{-1347.89}{1343.89}=\dfrac{-119883}{119527}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{-119883}{120332}>\dfrac{-119883}{119527}\) nên \(\dfrac{267}{-268}>\dfrac{-1347}{1343}\)
Bài 2:
\(\dfrac{5}{2}-\left(1\dfrac{3}{7}-0,4\right)=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{10}{7}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{47}{70}\)
Ta có: \(3\cdot A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
Do đó:
\(3\cdot A-A=1+\dfrac{1}{3^1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}-\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3^2}-...-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
hay \(2\cdot A=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right):2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3^{100}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
hay A<B
\(\Rightarrow A-B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{4026}\)
\(B>1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{4026}=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{4026}\right)=\frac{1}{2}+\left(A-B\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B>\frac{1}{2}+\left(A-B\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(A-B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{4026}< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{2013}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A-B< \frac{2013}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{A-B}{2013}< \frac{1}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Cộng (1) với (2)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A-B}{2013}+\frac{1}{2}+\left(A-B\right)< \frac{1}{2}+B\Rightarrow\frac{A-B}{2013}+\left(A-B\right)< B\Rightarrow\frac{2014\left(A-B\right)}{2013}< B\Rightarrow\frac{A-B}{B}< \frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A-B}{B}+1< \frac{2013}{2014}+1\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}< 1\frac{2013}{2014}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(a=\left[\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^5\right]^{107}=\left(-\dfrac{1}{32}\right)^{107}\)
\(b=\left[\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\right]^{107}=\left(-\dfrac{1}{27}\right)^{107}\)
mà -1/32>-1/27
nên a>b
a>b