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a: \(N=\dfrac{3x^5-4x^4+6x^3}{-2x^2}=-\dfrac{3}{2}x^3+2x^2-3x\)
b: \(N=\dfrac{\left(6x^4y^5-3x^3y^4+\dfrac{1}{2}x^4y^3z\right)}{-\dfrac{1}{3}x^2y^3}=-18x^2y^2+9xy-\dfrac{3}{2}x^2z\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow N\cdot\left(y-x\right)=\left(x-y\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^3}{y-x}=-\left(y-x\right)^2\)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow N\cdot\left(y^2-x^2\right)=\left(y^2-x^2\right)^2\)
hay \(N=y^2-x^2\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x-9\right)\)
\(=x^3+2x^2-9x+2x^2+4x-18\)
\(=x^3+4x^2-5x-18\)
\(\left(x^{2y}-6\right)\left(x^2-5\right)\)
\(=x^{4y}-5x^{2y}-6x^2+30\)
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-4+y\right)\)
\(=x^2y-4x+xy+xy^2-4y+y^2\)
câu còn lại tương tự nha
ChươngII *Dạng toán rútg gọn phân thức
Bài 1.Rút gọn phân thức
a. \(\dfrac{3x\left(1-x\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{-3x\left(x-1\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)}=-\dfrac{3x}{2}\)
b.\(\dfrac{6x^2y^2}{8xy^5}=\dfrac{3x.2xy^2}{4y^3.2xy^2}=\dfrac{3x}{4y^3}\)
c.\(\dfrac{23\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)^2}{6\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\dfrac{23\left(x-z\right)}{6}\)
Bài 2 rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a.\(\dfrac{x^2-16}{4x-x^2}=\dfrac{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)}{-x\left(x-4\right)}=-\dfrac{x+4}{x}\)(x khác 0,x khác 4)
b.\(\dfrac{x^2+4x+3}{2x+6}=\dfrac{x^2+3x+x+3}{2\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{2\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\)
( x \(\ne-3\) )
c.\(\dfrac{15x\left(x+y\right)^3}{5y\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)}{y}\) (y+(x+y) khác 0)
d. \(\dfrac{5\left(x-y\right)-3\left(y-x\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{5\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{8\left(x-y\right)}{10\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
(x khác y)
e.\(\dfrac{2x+2y+5x+5y}{2x+2y-5x-5y}=\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{7\left(x+y\right)}{-3\left(x+y\right)}=-\dfrac{7}{3}\)
(x khác -y)
f.\(\dfrac{x^2-xy}{3xy-3y^2}=\dfrac{x\left(x-y\right)}{3y\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{x}{3y}\)(x khác y,y khác 0)
g.\(\dfrac{2ax^2-4ax+2a}{5b-5bx^2}=\dfrac{2a\left(x^2-2x+1\right)}{-5b\left(x^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{2a\left(x-1\right)^2}{-5b\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2a\left(x-1\right)}{-5b\left(x+1\right)}\)
\ (b khác 0,x khác +-1)
h. \(\dfrac{4x^2-4xy}{5x^3-5x^2y}=\dfrac{4x\left(x-y\right)}{5x^2\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{4x}{5x^2}\)
(x khác 0,x khác y)
i.\(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)}{x+y+z}=x+y-z\)
(x+y+z khác 0)
k.\(\dfrac{x^6+2x^3y^3+y^6}{x^7-xy^6}=\dfrac{\left(x^3\right)^2+2x^3y^3+\left(y^3\right)^2}{x\left(x^6-y^6\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)^2}{x\left(x^3-y^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)}=\dfrac{x^3+y^3}{x\left(x^3-y^3\right)}\)
(x khác 0,x khác +-y)
1, \(3x^2y^2-6x^2y^3+9x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x^2y^2-6x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2y^2\left(4+2y\right)\)
5x^2y^3 - 25x^3y^4 + 10x^3y^3
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2y^3\left(1-5xy+2x\right)\)
Bài 4 :
a) \(x^3+x^2y-xy^2-y^3=x^2\left(x+y\right)-y^2\left(x+y\right)=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2\)
b)\(x^2y^2+1-x^2-y^2=\left(x^2y^2-x^2\right)-\left(y^2-1\right)=x^2\left(y^2-1\right)-\left(y^2-1\right)=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(y^2-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
c) \(x^2-y^2-4x+4y=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(4x-4y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-4\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-4\right)\)
d)
\(x^2-y^2-2x-2y=\)\(\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x+2y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
e) Trùng câu d
f) \(x^3-y^3-3x+3y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2-3\right)\)
Bài 5:
a) \(x^3-x^2-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b) Sửa đề : \(\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(4x^2-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2-\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x-3-2x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)\left(-6\right)=0\)\
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-3=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{9}{2}\)
vậy........
c) \(x^4+2x^3-6x-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-9\right)+\left(2x^3-6x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3\right)\left(x^2+3\right)+2x\left(x^2-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3\right)\left(x^2+2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3=0\Leftrightarrow x^2=3\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy
d) \(2\left(x+5\right)-x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+5\right)-x\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2-x\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2-x=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ........
a) \(=5x^2+40x+80+4\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-9\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=5x^2+40x+80+4x^2-40x+100-9x^2+144\)
\(=9x^2-9x^2+40x-40x+324\)
\(=324\)
b) \(=x^2+4xy+4y^2+4x^2-4xy+y^2-5x^2+5y^2-10y^2+90\)
\(=5x^2-5x^2+10y^2-10y^2+\left(4xy-4xy\right)+90\)
\(=90\)
c)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2ac-2bc-2a^2-4ab-2b^2\)
\(=\left(2a^2-2a^2\right)+\left(2b^2-2b^2\right)+2c^2+4ab-4ab+2\left(ac+bc-ac-bc\right)\)
\(=2c^2\)
a) 5( x + 4 )2 + 4( x - 5 )2 - 9( 4 + x )( x - 4 )
= 5( x2 + 8x + 16 ) + 4( x2 - 10x + 25 ) - 9( x2 - 16 )
= 5x2 + 40x + 80 + 4x2 - 40x + 100 - 9x2 + 144
= ( 5x2 + 4x2 - 9x2 ) + ( 40x - 40x ) + ( 80 + 100 + 144 )
= 324
b) ( x + 2y )2 + ( 2x - y )2 - 5( x + y )( x - y ) - 10( y + 3 )( y - 3 )
= x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 4x2 - 4xy + y2 - 5( x2 - y2 ) - 10( y2 - 9 )
= x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 4x2 - 4xy + y2 - 5x2 + 5y2 - 10y2 + 90
= ( x2 + 4x2 - 5x2 ) + ( 4xy - 4xy ) + ( 4x2 + y2 + 5y2 - 10y2 ) + 90
= 90
c) ( a + b + c )2 + ( a + b - c )2 - 2( a + b )2
= [ ( a + b ) + c ]2 + [ ( a + b ) - c ]2 - 2( a + b )2
= ( a + b )2 + 2( a + b )c + c2 + ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )c + c2 - 2( a + b )2
= [ ( a + b )2 + ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )2 ] + [ 2( a + b )c - 2( a + b )c ] + ( c2 + c2 )
= 2c2
1)\(n^2\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)-\left(n^2+2\right)\left(n^2-2\right)=n^2\left(n^2-1\right)-\left(n^4-4\right)=n^4-n^2-n^4+4\)
\(=-n^2+4\)
2)\(\left(y+3\right)\left(y-3\right)\left(y^2+9\right)-\left(y^2-4\right)\left(y^2+4\right)=\left(y^2-9\right)\left(y^2+9\right)-\left(y^4-16\right)\)
\(=y^4-81-y^4+16=-65\)
3)\(\left(x-2y+3\right)\left(x+2y-3\right)-\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x+3\right)^2-4y^2-\left(x^2-4y^2\right)\)
\(=x^2+6x+9-4y^2-x^2+4y^2=6x+9\)
4)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
5)\(\left(a+b-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ac\)
6)\(\left(a-b-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab+2bc-2ac\)
Học tốt nha bạn !