Question

[Dương Minh]

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

The reason women appear to be at greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than men might be due to a number of genetic, anatomical and  even  social  influences,  researchers  have  suggested.  Recent figures show about 65% of those  with living with dementia in the  UK are women,  with a  similar statistic seen in the US for Alzheimer’s disease, while dementia is the leading cause of death for women in England. Alzheimer’s disease is only one of the types of dementia, but the most common form. While one explanation is that dementia risk increases with age, and women have longer life expectancies than men, new research suggests there might be more to the matter, including that protein tangles found within neurons and linked to Alzheimer’s disease might spread differently in women’s brains than men’s. The study, presented at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in Los Angeles by researchers from Vanderbilt University and which has not yet been peer-reviewed, used scans from a method called positron emission tomography. That allowed them to look at the way clumps of a protein called tau were spread in the brains of 123 men and 178 women without cognitive problems, as well as 101 men and 60 women with mild cognitive problems – although not yet diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Cognitively normal older people often have small amounts of tau in certain areas of their brain. From the data the team could build maps showing which areas of the  brain  show  similar  signals relating to tau in the scans, suggesting they are somehow connected. “Based on that we kind of try to reconstruct the pattern of spread,” Dr Sepideh Shokouhi, who is presenting the research, told the Guardian. “It is kind of like reconstructing a crime scene.” The team says the results suggest these maps look different in women and men, suggesting tau might be able to spread more rapidly across the female brain.

Other research presented at the conference – and also not yet peer reviewed – added weight to the idea that there might be differences between men and women that affect dementia risk. Research by scientists at the University of Miami has revealed a handful of genes and genetic variants appear to be linked to Alzheimer’s disease in just one biological sex or the other. While the actual importance of these factors has yet to be unpicked, and the study only looked at white participants, the team says it underscores that there could be a genetic reason for differences in the risk of dementia in men and women, and the way it develops.

Which of the following could be the best title of the passage?

A.The differences between male and female brain and the condition for Alzheimer’s.

B.Research shines light on why women are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s.

C.The method for treating Alzheimer’s in women

D.Alzheimer’s – the leading cause of death for women.

Answer 1

[Nguyen Hoang Hai]

Đáp án D

Câu nào trong các câu sau có thể là tiêu đề phù hợp nhất của đoạn văn?

A.Sự khác nhau giữa bộ não của nam và nữ và các điều kiện để mắc bệnh Alzheimer.

B.Các nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra nguyên nhân vì sao phụ nữ dễ bị Alzheimer hơn.

C. Phương pháp điều trị Alzheimer ở nữ giới.

D. Alzheimer – nguyên nhân tử vong hàng đầu ở phụ nữ. Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn 1:

The reason women appear to be at greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease than men might be due to a number of genetic, anatomical and even social influences, researchers have suggested. (Các nhà  nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra rằng nguyên nhân phụ nữ dường dư có nguy cơ mắc bệnh Alzheimer cao hơn nam giới là do các tác động của gien, giải phẫu và cả của xã hội).