Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

22 tháng 3 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

According to the author, the term "cold - blooded" is misleading because "cold - blooded" animals_________.

A. cannot survive cold temperatures even when being exposed to the sun

B. are more affected by heat than by cold in any environment

C. often have a body temperature comparable to that of warm - blooded animals

D. always have a higher body temperature than the temperature of the environment

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

22 tháng 3 2018

Chọn C

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Theo tác giả, thuật ngữ "máu lạnh" là dễ gây nhầm lẫn vì động vật "máu lạnh"_________

A. không thể tồn tại ở nhiệt độ lạnh ngay cả khi tiếp xúc với ánh nắng mặt trời.

B. bị ảnh hưởng nhiều bởi nhiệt hơn là lạnh trong mọi môi trường.

C. thường có nhiệt độ cơ thể được so sánh với nhiệt độ cơ thể động vật máu nóng.

D. luôn có nhiệt độ cơ thể cao hơn nhiệt độ môi trường

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

15 tháng 10 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

The word “sluggish” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

A. sleepy

B. cold

C. inactive

D. warm

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

15 tháng 10 2019

Chọn A

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Từ “sluggish” ở đoạn 3 gần nghĩa nhất với______

A. ngái ngủ, uể oải

B. lạnh

C. không hoạt động

D. ấm

Thông tin: Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night.

Tạm dịch: Loài bò sát thường uể oải vào buổi sáng, nhiệt độ cơ thể chúng giảm xuống do sự mát mẻ ban đêm

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

7 tháng 12 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question. All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

What is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Many retiles can be very dangerous durng the day

B. Mammals have more stable temperatures than reptiles

C. Not all reptiles are cold-blooded

D. All reptiles often hibernate in winter in order to survive well

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

7 tháng 12 2019

Chọn B

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Theo bài đọc, điều nào là ĐÚNG?

A. Nhiều bò sát có thể rất nguy hiểm vào ban ngày.

B. Động vật có vú có nhiệt độ ổn định hơn bò sát.

C. Không phải tất cả các loài bò sát đều máu lạnh.

D. Tất cả các loài bò sát thường ngủ đông vào mùa đông để sống sót tốt.

Thông tin: Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business… Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

Tạm dịch: Loài bò sát thường uể oải vào buổi sáng, nhiệt độ cơ thể chúng giảm xuống do sự mát mẻ ban đêm. Vì vậy, chúng phải phơi mình dưới ánh mặt trời để tăng nhiệt độ cơ thể, nhưng một khi chúng đã ấm lên đủ, chúng có thể tiến hành công việc của mình… Mặt khác, động vật đẳng nhiệt duy trì nhiệt độ khoảng 98° F mọi lúc, vì vậy chúng luôn sẵn sàng hành động.

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

9 tháng 2 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

The word "inferior" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.

A. always comparable

B. at a lower rank

C. very opposite

D. quite similar

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

9 tháng 2 2017

Chọn B

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Từ "inferior" ở đoạn 4 gần nghĩa nhất với_________

A. luôn được so sánh

B. thấp kém hơn

C. rất trái ngược nhau

D. khá tương đồng

Thông tin: We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different.

Tạm dịch: Do đó, chúng ta không nên nghĩ rằng các loài bò sát thua kém động vật có vú và chim; chỉ là chúng khác nhau mà thôi.

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

13 tháng 9 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

What does the word “they” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. cells

B. snakes

C. reptiles

D. mammals

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

13 tháng 9 2019

Chọn C

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Từ “they” ở đoạn 2 nói đến cái gì?

A. tế bào

B. rắn

C. loài bò sát

D. động vật có vú

Thông tin: Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”.

Tạm dịch: Thay vì nói các loài bò sát là loài máu lạnh, chúng tốt nhất nên được gọi là động vật biến nhiệt, có nghĩa là "ngoại nhiệt" (nhiệt từ bên ngoài).

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

16 tháng 10 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Reptiles cannot absorb energy from the surrounding environment

B. Endothermic animals are more active than ectothermic animals

C. Maintaining a high metabolic rate requires lots of fuel in the form of food

D. Reptiles cannot function properly and survive if there is no sun

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

16 tháng 10 2018

Chọn D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Điều gì có thể được suy ra từ bài đọc?

A. Loài bò sát không thể hấp thụ năng lượng từ môi trường xung quanh

B. Động vật đẳng nhiệt hoạt động nhanh nhẹn hơn động vật ngoài nhiệt

C. Duy trì tỉ lệ trao đổi chất cao đòi hỏi rất nhiều năng lượng dưới dạng thức ăn

D. Loài bò sát không thể hoạt động một cách thực sự và sống sót nếu không có mặt trời

Thông tin: Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business.

Tạm dịch: Loài bò sát thường uể oải vào buổi sáng, nhiệt độ cơ thể chúng giảm xuống do sự mát mẻ ban đêm. Vì vậy, chúng phải phơi mình dưới ánh mặt trời để tăng nhiệt độ cơ thể, nhưng một khi chúng đã ấm lên đủ, chúng có thể tiến hành công việc của mình

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

28 tháng 7 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.

The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.

There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.

I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different

Why does the author mention his pet in the last paragraph?

A. Because he wants to advise on how to handle pets safely

B. Because he wants to say that keeping a reptile as pet is less expensive

C. Because he wants to compare reptiles’ metabolic rates with those of mammals and birds

D. Because he wants to illustrate that ectothermism has both advantages and disadvantages

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

28 tháng 7 2017

Chọn D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Tại sao tác giả đề cập đến thú cưng của mình trong đoạn văn cuối?

A. Bởi vì anh ấy muốn khuyên về cách chạm vào thú cưng an toàn

B. Bởi vì anh ấy muốn nói rằng nuôi một con bò sát làm thú cưng ít tốn kém hơn

C. Bởi vì anh ta muốn so sánh tốc độ trao đổi chất của các loài bò sát với các loài động vật có vú và loài chim

D. Bởi vì anh ta muốn minh họa rằng động vật biến nhiệt có cả ưu điểm và nhược điểm.

Thông tin: I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day.

Tạm dịch: Tôi đã từng nuôi một con cá sấu. Nó có hàm răng rất sắc, và tôi phải cẩn thận với cách tôi chạm vào nó vào ban ngày, khi nó rất nóng. Nhưng tôi có thể làm bất cứ điều gì tôi muốn vào ban đêm, khi nó trở nên lạnh, mà không sợ bị cắn. Nhược điểm r ràng của việc động vật biến nhiệt là mức độ hoạt động của động vật phụ thuộc vào môi trường. Nhưng tỷ lệ trao đổi chất thấp của nó có nghĩa là nó đòi hỏi thực phẩm ít hơn nhiều, đó là một lợi thế. Tôi từng cho cá sấu ăn một miếng gan nhỏ mỗi tuần một lần, trong khi họ nhà mèo yêu cầu ba bữa mỗi ngày.

Dịch bài đọc:

Tất cả các tế bào sống trong một cơ thể động vật đều đòi hỏi năng lượng để cung cấp cho các quá trình hóa học khác nhau hoạt động ở bên trong chúng. Năng lượng này về cơ bản được cung cấp bởi thực phẩm mà động vật ăn. Các quá trình hóa học này được gọi chung là quá trình trao đổi chất và một trong những sản phẩm phụ của quá trình trao đổi chất là nhiệt. Tỷ lệ trao đổi chất khác nhau đáng kể giữa các loài. Động vật máu nóng (chim và động vật có vú) có tỷ lệ trao đổi chất cao hơn khoảng năm đến mười lần so với những loài máu lạnh có kích thước tương tự (bò sát, lưỡng cư và cá). Và chính xác thì vì chim và động vật có vú có tỷ lệ trao đổi chất cao đến mức chúng có thể giữ ấm cơ thể.

Các thuật ngữ máu nóng và máu lạnh vẫn được sử dụng hàng ngày, nhưng chúng không hoàn toàn chính xác. Bất cứ ai đã chạm vào một con rắn đều biết điều này bởi cơ thể rắn thực sự khá là ấm áp. Nhưng rất ít nhiệt cơ thể rắn bắt nguồn từ bên trong, từ các tế bào của nó, phần lớn nhiệt được cung cấp từ bên ngoài, bởi mặt trời hoặc bởi đèn nhiệt. Thay vì nói các loài bò sát là loài máu lạnh, chúng tốt nhất nên được gọi là động vật biến nhiệt, có nghĩa là "ngoại nhiệt" (nhiệt từ bên ngoài). Tương tự như vậy, các loài chim và động vật có vú được cho là động vật đẳng nhiệt, có nghĩa là "nội nhiệt" (nhiệt ở bên trong).

Có những lợi thế và bất lợi cho từng loại thân nhiệt. Loài bò sát thường uể oải vào buổi sáng, nhiệt độ cơ thể chúng giảm xuống do sự mát mẻ ban đêm. Vì vậy, chúng phải phơi mình dưới ánh mặt trời để tăng nhiệt độ cơ thể, nhưng một khi chúng đã ấm lên đủ, chúng có thể tiến hành công việc của mình. Bằng cách thay đổi giữa ánh mặt trời khi quá lạnh và bóng râm khi chúng quá ấm, nhiều loài bò sát có thể duy trì nhiệt độ cơ thể của chúng ở mức tối ưu khoảng 95° F trở lên. Mặt khác, động vật đẳng nhiệt duy trì nhiệt độ khoảng 98° F mọi lúc, vì vậy chúng luôn sẵn sàng hành động.

Tôi đã từng nuôi một con cá sấu. Nó có hàm răng rất sắc, và tôi phải cẩn thận với cách tôi chạm vào nó vào ban ngày, khi trời rất nóng. Nhưng tôi có thể làm bất cứ điều gì tôi muốn vào ban đêm, khi trời lạnh, mà không sợ bị cắn. Nhược điểm r ràng của việc động vật biến nhiệt là mức độ hoạt động của động vật phụ thuộc vào môi trường. Nhưng tỷ lệ trao đổi chất thấp của nó có nghĩa là nó đòi hỏi thực phẩm ít hơn nhiều, đó là một lợi thế. Tôi từng cho cá sấu ăn một miếng gan nhỏ mỗi tuần một lần, trong khi họ nhà mèo yêu cầu ba bữa mỗi ngày. Do đó, chúng ta không nên nghĩ rằng các loài bò sát thua kém động vật có vú và chim; chỉ là chúng khác nhau mà thôi

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

20 tháng 5 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions . All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonelective part of parental care and the defining feature of a...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .

All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonelective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that mammals-- whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals -- have in common.

But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg-guarding fish do not, for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller than the parents and eat food that is also much smaller than the food eaten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after hatching, but some make other arrangement, provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.

For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animal's life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feeding postpones that moment until a young animal has grown to such a size that it is better able to cope. Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluctuating of difficult-to-find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are removed, the young generally do not survive

The author lists various animals in line 5 to

A. contrast the feeding habits of different types of mammalsB. describe the process by which mammals came to be defined

B. describe the process by which mammals came to be defined

C. emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own young

D. explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonelective

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

20 tháng 5 2017

Đáp án : C

Từ dòng 3: It is a nonelective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that mammals-- whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals -- have in common -> các loài thú có vú (như đã liệt kê) đều có đặc điểm quan trọng này (cho ăn) -> đây là đặc điểm tự nhiên, không phải qua chọn lọc

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LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

17 tháng 10 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the answer to each of the following questions.All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonselective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the answer to each of the following questions.

All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonselective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that mammals-- whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals -- have in common.

But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg-guarding fish do not, for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller than the parents and eat food that is also much smaller than the food eaten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after hatching, but some make other arrangement, provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.

For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animal's life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feeding postpones that moment until a young animal has grown to such a size that it is better able to cope. Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluctuating of difficult-to-find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are removed, the young generally do not survive.

The author lists various animals in line 5 to ________

A. contrast the feeding habits of different types of mammals

B. describe the process by which mammals came to be defined

C. emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own young

D. explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonselective

#Mẫu giáo

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

17 tháng 10 2017

Đáp án C

Tác giả liệt kê các loài động vật khác nhau trong dòng 5 để ________

A. đối chiếu thói quen ăn uống của các loại động vật có vú khác nhau

B. mô tả quá trình mà các động vật có vú đã được xác định

C. nhấn mạnh rằng mọi loại động vật có vú đều nuôi dưỡng con của chúng

D. giải thích lý do tại sao một đặc điểm đặc biệt của động vật có vú là không chọn lọc

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