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Environmental pollution is a term that (1) refers to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with exhaust gases and smoke, (2) poisons the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the (3) soil with too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings in various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by scattering junk and litter on the land and in the water.
Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today. Air, water, and soil are necessary to the survival of living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Polluted water kills fish and other (4) marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness (5) to man’s natural beautiful world.
1. a.means b. refers c. provides d.reduces
2.a.thick b.natural c.exhaust d. influent
3. a. purifies b.natural c.sprays d. poisons
4. a.soil b. forests c.streets d. beaches
5.a.on b.in c.by d.with
6. a.spoiling b.leaving c. scattering d. gathering
7. a.survival b. environment c. delopment d. growth
8.a. so b. ever c. too d.even
9.a.animal b. marine c. human d. plant
10.a.nature b.natural c. naturally d. natured
1. a.means b. refers c. provides d.reduces
2.a.thick b.natural c.exhaust d. influent
3. a. purifies b.natural c.sprays d. poisons
4. a.soil b. forests c.streets d. beaches
5.a.on b.in c.by d.with
6. a.spoiling b.leaving c. scattering d. gathering
7. a.survival b. environment c. delopment d. growth
8.a. so b. ever c. too d.even
9.a.animal b. marine c. human d. plant
10.a.nature b.natural c. naturally d. natured
I. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the correct words.
Environmental pollution is a term that (1) refers to all the way by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with gases and smoke, (2) poisons the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the soil with (3) too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings (4) in various other ways for example(5) , people run natural be run natural beauty by scattering little on the land and in the water. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with disturbing (6) noise pollution.
Environmental pollution (7) is one of the most serious (8) problems feeing mankind today. Air, (9) water and soil are necessary to the survival of all living things. Badly - polluted air can cause illness, and (10)even death. Polluted water kills and other marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s naturally beautiful world.
II. Fill in the blank of the following passage with ONE suitable word. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
There is much more water than land (1)____on_______ the surface of the earth. The sea and oceans (2)_____are________ nearly four-fifths of the whole world, and only one-fifth of (3)___surface _______ land. If you traveled over the earth (4)____in_____different directions, you would have to spend much more of your time (5)______travelling__________ on water than on roads or railways. We sometimes forget that (6)______each_________ every mile of land there is four miles of water.
There is much water on the surface of our earth that we (7)______have________ to use two words to describe. We use the word seas to (8)____describle __________ those parts of water surface which (9)_______are _______ only a few hundreds of miles wide, the word oceans to describe the huge areas of water which are thousands of miles wide (10)_____and_____ very deep.
III. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Identify your answer by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.
One of the most urgent environmental problems in the world today is the shortage of clean water. Having clean drinking water is basic human right. But acid rain, industrial pollution and garbage have made many sources of water undrinkable. Lakes, reservoirs and even entire seas have become vast pools of poison. Lake Baikal in Russia is one of the largest lakes in the world. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world. But they are being destroyed by the massive volumes of industrial effluent which pours into the lake everyday. Even where law existed, the government did not have the power to enforce them. Most industries simply ignore the regulations. The Mediterranean Sea occupies 1% of the world’s water surface. But it is the dumping ground for 50% of all marine pollution. Almost 16 countries regularly throw industrial wastes a few miles off shore.
Water is free to everyone. A few years ago people thought that the supply of clean water in the world was limitless. Today, many water supplies have been ruined by pollution and sewage. Clean water is now scarce, and we are at last beginning to respect this precious source. We should do something now.
1. According to the writer, one environmental problem in the world today is ________ .
A. acid rain B. industrial pollution. C. safe water shortage. D. population explosion .
2. Many sources of water are not drinkable because of _______ .
A. acid rain. B. industrial pollution. C. garbage D. all A, B, C, are correct
3. What is serious problem of Lake Baikal in Russia?
A. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants.
B. It is polluted by massive volumes of industrial wastes discharged into it .
C. It has 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world .
D. The government did not have the power to enforce laws and regulations.
4. How many countries throw industrial waste into the Mediterranean Sea regularly?
A. nearly 16 B. exactly 16. C. exactly 15 D. less than 15.
5. What is the message to the reader?
A. We should take action to protect our water resources.
B. We should take all water resources into account.
C. We should limit the use of water resources.
D. We should encourage people to use safe water.
complete each of the numbered blanks in the following passage.
Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is as complicated (1)__________it is serious. It is complicated because much (2)__________is caused by things that benefit people. For example, exhaust (3)_________automobiles causes a large percentage of all air pollution. (4)_________ the automobiles provide transportation for millions of people. Factories (5)__________much of the material which pollutes air and water, but factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to (6)__________or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many things that benefit them. Most of the people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be (7)__________reduced in several ways. (8)__________and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the (9)__________of pollution that such things as automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce laws that require businesses and individuals to stop, or cut (10)__________on certain polluting activities.
1. A. for B. as C. because D. since
2. A. polluter B. pollutant C. polluting D. pollution
3. A. in B. at C. from D. for
4. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. But
5. A. discharge B. offer C. emit D. dissolve
6. A. cause B. end C. increase D. pause
7. A. increasingly B. hopelessly C. gradually D. dangerously
8. A. Scientists B. Doctors C. Lecturers D. Botanists
9. A. number B. figures C. numbers D. amount
10. A. up B. off C. down D. into
complete each of the numbered blanks in the following passage.
Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is as complicated (1)__________it is serious. It is complicated because much (2)__________is caused by things that benefit people. For example, exhaust (3)_________automobiles causes a large percentage of all air pollution. (4)_________ the automobiles provide transportation for millions of people. Factories (5)__________much of the material which pollutes air and water, but factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to (6)__________or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many things that benefit them. Most of the people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be (7)__________reduced in several ways. (8)__________and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the (9)__________of pollution that such things as automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce laws that require businesses and individuals to stop, or cut (10)__________on certain polluting activities.
1. A. for B. as C. because D. since
2. A. polluter B. pollutant C. polluting D. pollution
3. A. in B. at C. from D. for
4. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. But
5. A. discharge B. offer C. emit D. dissolve
6. A. cause B. end C. increase D. pause
7. A. increasingly B. hopelessly C. gradually D. dangerously
8. A. Scientists B. Doctors C. Lecturers D. Botanists
9. A. number B. figures C. numbers D. amount
10. A. up B. off C. down D. into
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.B